s
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Translingual
Alternative forms
- ſ (archaic)
Pronunciation
IPA (file)
Gallery
- Letter styles
- Uppercase and lowercase versions of S, in normal and italic type
English
Pronunciation
- (letter): IPA(key): /ɛs/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ɛs
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/, /z/, /ʒ/
Letter
Derived terms
Number
s (lower case, upper case S)
- The ordinal number nineteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ess and written in the Latin script.
Etymology 2
Abbreviations. s
Noun
s
- (metrology) Abbreviation of scruple. (unit of mass in the apothecaries' system)
- (physics) Abbreviation of strange quark.
- Alternative form of s.
Derived terms
Afar
Alemannic German
Alternative forms
- ds (Bern)
Etymology
From Middle High German daz, from Old High German daz, from Proto-Germanic *þat, from Proto-Indo-European *tód, nominative and accusative singular neuter of *só. Cognate with German das, Dutch dat, English that, Icelandic það.
Article
s n
- (definite) the
- 1978, Rolf Lyssey and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
- Wüssed Si, Herr Bodmer, das isches, was ich so bewundere an de Schwitzer: Ire Humor. I jedere Situazion s’richtige Wort.
- You know, Mr Bodmer, that's what I admire about the Swiss – their humour. The right word for every situation.
- Wüssed Si, Herr Bodmer, das isches, was ich so bewundere an de Schwitzer: Ire Humor. I jedere Situazion s’richtige Wort.
- 2010, Pedro Lenz, Der Goalie bin ig:
- D Wohnig isch d Wohnig und ds Business isch ds Business.
- Accommodation is accommodation, and business is business.
- D Wohnig isch d Wohnig und ds Business isch ds Business.
- 1978, Rolf Lyssey and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
Declension
Alemannic German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative/Accusative | de dr (Bern) |
d | s ds (Bern) |
d |
Dative | em | der | em | de |
- Masculine nominative/accusative singular de has the form der before a vowel, e.g. der alt Maa ‘the old man’
- Dative plural de has the form den before a vowel, e.g. den alte Fraue ‘(to) the old women’
- Feminine singular d and plural d have the variant di before an adjective, e.g. di jung Mueter ‘the young mother’
Czech
Etymology
From Old Czech s, from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
audio (file)
Usage notes
This preposition is followed by the instrumental case (7th case of the Czech grammatical system).
Synonyms
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛs
- (letter name): IPA(key): /ɛs/
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /sɛ/
- Conventional anglicization: se
Noun
|
m
- The object depicted in the hieroglyph
. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:- A cloth
Inflection
singular | s |
---|---|
dual | swj |
plural | sw |
Noun
|
m
- A vessel or container (made of gold) [18th dynasty]
Inflection
singular | s |
---|---|
dual | swj |
plural | sw |
Noun
|
m
- A type of waterfowl, perhaps the Eurasian teal (Anas crecca)[1], especially as an offering for the dead [Old Kingdom]
- Variant form of sr (“type of goose”)
Inflection
singular | s |
---|---|
dual | swj |
plural | sw |
Alternative forms
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s | s |
Pronoun
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m sg 3. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun
- Alternative form of sw (“he, him”) [Middle and New Kingdom]
Alternative forms
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[Middle Kingdom] | [New Kingdom] |
References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 51.
- Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926–1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
- Berman, Lawrence M.; Bohač, Kenneth J. (1999) The Cleveland Museum of Art Catalogue of Egyptian Art, New York: Hudson Hills Press, page 140–141
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /so/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/
Audio (file)
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈæs/, [ˈæs̠]
- IPA(key): /ˈes/, [ˈe̞s̠] (obsolete)
Audio: (file)
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
Fula
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Gothic
Hungarian
Alternative forms
- ſ (obsolete)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʃ]
Audio (conjunction) (file) - (conjunction): IPA(key): [ˈʃ]
- (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈɛʃː]
Derived terms
Letter
s
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | s | s-ek |
accusative | s-et | s-eket |
dative | s-nek | s-eknek |
instrumental | s-sel | s-ekkel |
causal-final | s-ért | s-ekért |
translative | s-sé | s-ekké |
terminative | s-ig | s-ekig |
essive-formal | s-ként | s-ekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | s-ben | s-ekben |
superessive | s-en | s-eken |
adessive | s-nél | s-eknél |
illative | s-be | s-ekbe |
sublative | s-re | s-ekre |
allative | s-hez | s-ekhez |
elative | s-ből | s-ekből |
delative | s-ről | s-ekről |
ablative | s-től | s-ektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
s-é | s-eké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
s-éi | s-ekéi |
Possessive forms of s | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | s-em | s-eim |
2nd person sing. | s-ed | s-eid |
3rd person sing. | s-e | s-ei |
1st person plural | s-ünk | s-eink |
2nd person plural | s-etek | s-eitek |
3rd person plural | s-ük | s-eik |
See also
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
Further reading
- (sound, letter, and abbreviation): s in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (and): s in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Ido
Italian
Japanese
Etymology
Short of さん (san).
Latvian
Etymology
Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [s]
Malay
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Maltese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
- IPA(key): /z/ (by assimilation to a following voiced obstruent)
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Mòcheno
Etymology 1
From Middle High German ëz, iz, from Old High German iz, from Proto-West Germanic *it, from Proto-Germanic *it, nominative/accusative singular neuter of *iz. Cognate with German es.
Inflection
Personal pronouns | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
1st person | i | biar |
2nd person | du | ir |
3rd person | er, si, s | sei |
Etymology 2
From Middle High German daz, from Old High German daz, from Proto-Germanic *þat. Cognate with German das, English that.
References
- “s” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Norwegian
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /esː/, /ɛsː/
- (phoneme): IPA(key): /s/, (in sj, skj, sk, sl) /ʃ/, (in rs) /ʂ/
Audio (file)
Portuguese
Pronunciation
Letter name: (esse)
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɛ.si/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈɛ.se/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈɛ.s(ɨ)/
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
Alternative forms
Romani
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).
Saanich
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
See Translingual section.
Pronunciation
- (phoneme) IPA(key): /s/
Letter
s (Cyrillic spelling с)
See also
Etymology 2
From Proto-Slavic *sъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom.
Alternative forms
- (see usage notes) sa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Preposition
s (Cyrillic spelling с)
- (+ instrumental case) with, together with, along with
- 1898, Vojislav Stanković, “Đurđevdan”, in Stari Dani, page 1:
- Gledam živu, tesnu ulicu, ograđenu visokim zidovima, s velikim kapijama i razgranatim drvećem, koje se pruža, te je kiti zelenom.
- I look at lively, narrow streets, high fenced walls, with large gates and branched trees, which stretch, and adorn it with green.
- raditi s nekim ― to work with somebody
- svađati se s nekim ― to quarrel with somebody
- ratovati s nekim ― to wage war with somebody
- d(j)evojka s plavom kosom ― a girl with blonde hair
- s godinama dolazi mudrost ― with age comes wisdom
- s ljubavlju ― with love
- pozdraviti se jedno s drugim ― part ways with each other
-
- (+ genitive case) from, off
- pao sam sa stabla. ― I fell from the tree.
- s druge strane ― on the other side
- sa zapada ― from the west
- s leđa ― from the back
- promatrati s prozora ― to observe from the window
- ljudi s planine ― people from the mountain
- (proscribed, shortening of iz tog) (+ genitive case) because of (= iz, zbȍg)
- s tog razloga ― for that reason
- (+ instrumental case) miscellaneous prepositional senses in phrases that employ a connection
- Šta/što je s tobom? ― What's wrong with you?
- s vremenom ― in time
Usage notes
s takes the alternative form sa in the following environments:
- before the sibilants /s, š, z, ž/:
- sa stránē
- aside
- sa škȏlōm
- with school
- sa zȗbom
- with the tooth
- sa žìvotom
- with life
- before consonant clusters where the second consonant is /s, š, z, ž/:
- sa psȍm
- with the dog
- sa pšènicōm
- with wheat
- sa ȑzānjem
- with neighing
- before the instrumental form of the first-person pronoun jȃ (“I”)
- sa mnȏm
- with me
Alternative forms
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /s/
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (phoneme) /s/, /s̺/, /s̄/
- IPA(key): (letter name) /ˈese/ [ˈe.se]
- (Castilian)
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ese
- (Castilian)
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Turkish
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
Yoruba
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)
See also
- (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y
- As used in Benin: (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y
Zulu
Letter
s (lower case, upper case S)