j

j (upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

• IPA

  (file)

j

1. (IPA) palatal approximant, yod
2. (pharmacy, obsolete) one

   ℥j

   one ounce

3. (physics) imaginary unit

• Letter styles
• 
  Normal and italic J
• 
  Uppercase and lowercase J in Fraktur

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Sſs  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter J):  Ĵĵ  Ɉɉ  J̌ǰ  ȷ  ϳ  ʝ  ɟ  ʄ  ᴊ  Ｊｊ  IJij  IJij  LJLjlj  LJLjlj  NJNjnj  NJNjnj

Other representations of J:

• (letter name): enPR: jā, IPA^(key): /dʒeɪ/

  • Audio (US)

    (file)

  • Audio (UK)

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -eɪ
  • (archaic or dialectal, Scotland) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒaɪ/
• Rhymes: -aɪ
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /dʒ/

j (lower case, upper case J, plural js or j's)

1. The tenth letter of the English alphabet, called jay and written in the Latin script.

• In Spanish language loanwords and names, "j" is pronounced as an "h", for example in fajita and Julio.
• The name of this letter is spelled jay, plural jays
• In Scotland, this letter is sometimes spelled jy, to reflect the local pronunciation.

• (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

j (plural js)

1. (slang) A term for a marijuana cigarette ('joint').

   "I went outside to smoke myself a J" — Paul Simon, from the song "Late in the Evening" from the album, "One Trick Pony."

2. (mathematics) An alternative version of i, the positive square root of -1; used in the context of electronics.
3. (mathematics) The second unit vector, after i

Abbreviations.

1. (stenoscript) a suffix or final syllable /ʃən/ (-tion, -sion, etc.)

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ʒ/

j lower case (upper case J)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

• IPA^(key): (Southern) /xota/, [xo̞.t̪a]
• IPA^(key): (Northern) /jota/, [jo̞.t̪a]

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called jota and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eː
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /jeː/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

• Previous letter: i
• Next letter: k

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /i/
  • Conventional anglicization: i

1. O! (vocative interjection)

• Old Coptic: ⲏⲓ (ēi)

1. (transitive) to say

By historical times, this verb is used almost exclusively as part of the quotative jn in its various forms.

 m

1. (rare) statement, report, word (about someone’s good qualities) [Pyramid Texts]
   • c. 2255 BCE – 2246 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Merenre — west wall of the corridor’s north section, line 25–27, spell 609.18–22:[1]

     
     
     
     

     jn m j n (j)fd(w) jpw jꜣtjw
     ḥmsw ḥr ḏꜥb.sn prrjw m gs jꜣb n(j) pt
     wṯz.sn j.k pn nfr n nḥb-kꜣw
     ḏd.n n.k zꜣt.k jdt
     wṯz nḥb-kꜣw j.k pn nfr n psḏtj

     • Translation by Allen[2]

       A statement will be fetched to the four mound-gods who sit at their charcoal-burning and emerge from the eastern side of the sky, and they will bear this good statement of you, which your daughter the Cow has spoken for you, to Kas-Assigner, and Kas-Assigner will bear this good statement of you to the Dual Ennead.

   • c. 2246 BCE – 2152 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Pepi II — east wall of the corridor’s south section, line 6–8, spell 609.18–22:[3]

     [jn jj]j n(j) ppy [nfr]-kꜣ-[rꜥ n jfdw jpw jꜣtjw
     ḥmsw ḥr ḏꜥb.sn prrjw m] gs jꜣb n(j) pt
     [wṯz].sn jjj n(j) [ppy] nfr-kꜣ-[rꜥ] pn nfr n nḥ[b-kꜣw]
     [… p]py [nfr]-kꜣ-[rꜥ] ḏ[d.n n.k zꜣt].k [jd]t
     wṯz nḥb-kꜣw jj[j n(j)] ppy nfr-kꜣ-rꜥ pn [nfr n psḏtj]

     • Translation by Allen (modified)[2]

       [A state]ment of Pepi [Nefer]ka[re will be fetched to the four mound-gods who sit at their charcoal-burning and emerge from] the eastern side of the sky, and they [will bear] this good statement of [Pepi] Neferka[re … Pe]pi [Nefer]ka[re], which your [daughter the Co]w [has] spo[ken for you], to [Kas-As]signer, and Kas-Assigner will bear this [good] state[ment of] Pepi Neferkare [to the Dual Ennead].

The above quotes constitute all the known attestations of this word.

 m

1. some part of a reed, likely panicles or leaves

• Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 25, 25.5
• Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 7
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 319, 455 page 199, 319, 455.

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /jo/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /j/

• Audio

  (file)

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called jo and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z

• IPA^(key): /ˈjotʲː/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called jott and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) täht; A a, B b (C c), D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v (W w), Õ õ, Ä ä, Ö ö, Ü ü (X x, Y y)

• IPA^(key): /j/

j (upper case J)

1. The twelfth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called jodd and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) bókstavur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, Y y, Ý ý, Æ æ, Ø ø

• Audio

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j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ʒi/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• IPA^(key): /dʒ/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

• (Latin-script letters) karfeeje; ', A a, B b, Mb mb, Ɓ ɓ, C c, D d, Nd nd, Ɗ ɗ, E e, F f, G g, Ng ng, Ɠ ɠ, H h, I i, J j, Nj nj, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, Ñ ñ, Ɲ ɲ, O o, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, W w, Y y, Ƴ ƴ

j

1. Romanization of 𐌾

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): [ˈj]
• (letter name): IPA^(key): [ˈjeː]

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called jé and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.

• j in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

• (letter name) IPA^(key): /jɔðː/

j (upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) bókstafur; A a, Á á, B b, D d, Рð, E e, É é, F f, G g, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ó ó, P p, R r, S s, T t, U u, Ú ú, V v, X x, Y y, Ý ý, Þ þ, Æ æ, Ö ö

• (context pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ʒ/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ʒe/

j (upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒe/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) huruf; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

j f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case J)

1. the tenth letter of the Latin alphabet, called i lunga in Italian

• The letter J is not considered part of the contemporary Italian alphabet. See under J.

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

j (upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Karelian alphabet, called jii and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, Č č, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, Z z, Ž ž, T t, U u, V v, Y y, Ä ä, Ö ö, '

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

• IPA^(key): [j]

J

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called jē and written in the Latin script.

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

j (upper case J)

1. The fifteenth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēḑ; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, Ḑ ḑ, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

j

1. Alternative form of I (“I”)

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The twelfth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) banki; A a (Á á, À à), B b, C c, D d, Dz dz, E e (É é, È è), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì), J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò), P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, Ts ts, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù), V v, W w, Y y, Z z, Zh zh

• IPA^(key): /jɔt/

j (upper case J, lower case)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Polish alphabet, called jot and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ą ą, B b, C c, Ć ć, D d, E e, Ę ę, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Ł ł, M m, N n, Ń ń, O o, Ó ó, P p (Q q), R r, S s, Ś ś, T t, U u (V v), W w (X x), Y y, Z z, Ź ź, Ż ż

• j in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• j in Polish dictionaries at PWN

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ʒ/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ˈʒɔ.tɐ/

• Audio (BR)

  (file)

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à,  â, àã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

• IPA^(key): /j/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. (International Standard) The thirteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
2. (Pan-Vlax) The fourteenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, X x, I i, J j, K k, Kh kh, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Ph ph, R r, S s, T t, Th th, U u, V v, Z z International Standard: (À à, Ä ä, Ǎ ǎ), Ć ć, Ćh ćh, (È è, Ë ë, Ě ě), (Ì ì, Ï ï, Ǐ ǐ), (Ò ò, Ö ö, Ǒ ǒ), Rr rr, Ś ś, (Ù ù, Ü ü, Ǔ ǔ), Ź ź, Ʒ ʒ, Q q, Ç ç, ϴ θ. Pan-Vlax: Č č, Čh čh, Dž dž, (Dź dź), Ř ř, Š š, (Ś ś), Ž ž, (Ź ź).

• Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “J, j”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 14

• IPA^(key): /ʒ/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called je or jî and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă,  â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Πî, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

• (uppercase): J

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /j/

j (Cyrillic spelling ј)

1. The fourteenth letter of the Serbo-Croatian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) slȍvo; A a, B b, C c, Č č, Ć ć, D d, Dž dž, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, Lj lj, M m, N n, Nj nj, O o, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ʝ/

j (upper case J)

1. The seventeenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a,  â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ

• IPA^(key): (phoneme) /x/
• IPA^(key): (letter name) /ˈxota/ [ˈxo.t̪a]
  • (Castilian)

    Audio

    (file)

  • Rhymes: -ota

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á), B b, C c, D d, E e (É é), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ñ ñ, O o (Ó ó), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ü ü), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

Letter name

• IPA^(key): /jiː/

Phoneme

• IPA^(key): /j/, /ɧ/
  • Homophone: g (in some positions)

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called ji and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) bokstav; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z, Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /ʒ/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /ʒeː/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The thirteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

j (upper case J)

1. The eleventh letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/

j (upper case J)

1. The ninth letter of the Uzbek alphabet, called je and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, X x, Y y, Z z, Oʻ oʻ, Gʻ gʻ, Sh sh, Ch ch, Ng ng

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒ/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /d͡ʒí/

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The eleventh letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called jí and written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) lẹ́tà; A a (Á á, À à, Ā ā), B b, D d, E e (É é, È è, Ē ē), Ẹ ẹ (Ẹ́ ẹ́, Ẹ̀ ẹ̀, Ẹ̄ ẹ̄), F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i (Í í, Ì ì, Ī ī), J j, K k, L l, M m (Ḿ ḿ, M̀ m̀, M̄ m̄), N n (Ń ń, Ǹ ǹ, N̄ n̄), O o (Ó ó, Ò ò, Ō ō), Ọ ọ (Ọ́ ọ́, Ọ̀ ọ̀, Ọ̄ ọ̄), P p, R r, S s, Ṣ ṣ, T t, U u (Ú ú, Ù ù, Ū ū), W w, Y y

• As used in Benin: (Latin-script letters) lɛ́tà; A a, B b, D d, E e, Ɛ ɛ, F f, G g, Gb gb, H h, I i, J j, K k, Kp kp, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ɔ ɔ, P p, R r, S s, Sh sh, T t, U u, W w, Y y

j (lower case, upper case J)

1. The tenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z