ve
Translingual
English
Etymology 2
First proposed by Philologus in the July 1864 Ladies' Repository, with possessive vis and objective vim, as an alternative to using "he or she," singular they, or one in sentences without a specified gender.[1] In 1970, Varda One proposed ve, vis and objective ver in a feminist article titled "Manglish."[2] Greg Egan used the pronouns throughout the novels Distress (1995) and Diaspora (1998).
Pronoun
ve (third-person singular, nominative case, accusative ver, possessive adjective vis, possessive noun vers, reflexive verself)
- (rare, epicene, nonstandard) Gender-neutral third-person singular subject pronoun, equivalent to singular they.
- [1984, Keri Hulme, The Bone People, reprint edition, New York: Penguin Books, published 1986, →ISBN, pages 425–426:
- And stop calling it 'it': yer got yer one great invention, remember Holmes? The neuter personal pronoun; ve/ver/vis, I am not his, vis/ve/ver, nor am I for her, ver/vis/ve, a pronoun for me, (slopping another tin of water out ready).]
- 1997, Greg Egan, Diaspora, reprint edition, New York: HarperPrism, published 1998, →ISBN, page 52:
- Yatima felt distinctly stretched by the process—but vis symbols were still connected to each other in the same way as before. Ve was still verself.
-
Synonyms
- see Appendix:English third-person singular pronouns
References
- Philologus. “Notes and Queries: An Epicene Personal Pronoun Needed.” The Ladies’ Repository, July 1864, p. 439. Archived here
- Verda One. “Manglish.” Everywoman, 8 May 1970, p. 2.
Aiwoo
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *poli, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *bəli, from Proto-Austronesian *bəli.
References
- Lackey, W.J.. & Boerger, B.H. (2021), “Reexamining the Phonological History of Oceanic's Temotu subgroup”, in Oceanic Linguistics.
Albanian
Etymology 1
From Old Tosk *vae, from Old Albanian vōe (still at Malagija),[1] from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”). Orel, citing Bopp, Camarda and Çabej, argues the Old Albanian word descends from a borrowing from Latin ōvum.[2] The PIE etymology was earlier supported by Norbert Jokl.
Declension
indefinite forms (trajta të pashquara) |
definite forms (trajta të shquara) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (numri njëjës) |
plural (numri shumës) |
singular (numri njëjës) |
plural (numri shumës) | ||
nominative (emërore) |
(një) ve | (disa) ve | veja | vetë | |
accusative (kallëzore) |
(një) ve | (disa) ve | vejan | vetë | |
genitive (gjinore) (i/e/të/së) |
(një) veje | (disa) veve | vejas | vevet | |
dative (dhanore) |
(një) veje | (disa) veve | vejas | vevet | |
ablative (rrjedhore) (prej) |
(një) veje | (disa) vesh | vejas | vevet |
Synonyms
Hyponyms
- ve fërgesë (“fried egg”)
- ve peshku (“fish roe”)
- ve surbull (“soft-boiled egg”)
- ve llukë (“rotten egg”)
Etymology 2
Vowel shortened from dialectal vē (identical to plural), from dialectal vejë, from Proto-Albanian *widewā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁widʰéwh₂ (compare English widow, Latin vidua).
Alternative forms
- vejë
Synonyms
- vejanë, vejushë
References
- Martin E. Huld, Basic Albanian Etymologies (Columbus, OH: Slavica, 1984), 125.
- Orel, Vladimir (1998), “ve”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 497
Arigidi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /vè/
Derived terms
- àvè (“the act of going”)
References
- B. Oshodi, The HTS (High Tone Syllable) in Arigidi: An Introduction, in the Nordic Journal of African Studies 20(4): 263–275 (2011)
- Boluwaji Oshodi (December 2011) A Reference Grammar of Arigidi, Montem Paperbacks, →ISBN
Catalan
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -e
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈvɛ]
audio (file)
Usage notes
- The more usual form is v, while ve is used before words starting with f, v, w and certain consonant clusters.
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse vei, from Proto-Germanic *wai.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /veːˀ/, [ˈʋeːˀ]
- Rhymes: -eːˀ
Declension
East Masela
References
- Taber, M. (1993). Toward a better understanding of the indigenous languages of southwestern Maluku. Oceanic Linguistics. 32:2. pp. 389-441. Cited in: "East Masela" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.
Esperanto
Etymology
Borrowed from German weh, from Proto-Germanic *wai, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wáy (“oh!; woe!; alas!”). Compare Yiddish וויי (vey), Dutch wee, Latin vae, Ancient Greek οὐαί (ouaí), Spanish guay, Italian guai, dialectal French vé, Welsh gwae, Latvian vai, Persian وای (vây), Arabic وَيْل (wayl).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ve]
- Hyphenation: ve
Audio: (file)
Faroese

Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /veː/
Declension
Declension of ve | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
n3 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | ve | veið | ve | veini |
accusative | ve | veið | ve | veini |
dative | vei | veinum | veum | veunum |
genitive | ves | vesins | vea | veanna |
Galician
Verb
ve
- inflection of ver:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ve/
- Rhymes: -e
- Hyphenation: ve
Pronoun
ve
- Alternative form of vi (“to you”)
- Ve lo consiglio ― I recommend it (to you)
- Ve ne ne sarei molto grato ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
See also
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Conjunctive | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | |||
second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | te | te | |||||
third | m | lui | si2, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se2 | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
f | lei, Lei1 | la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 | le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 | lei, Lei1, sé | ||||||
Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | |||
second | — | voi, Voi4 | vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 | ve | voi, Voi4 | |||||
third | m | loro, Loro1 | si, s', -si | li, Li1, -li, -Li1 | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1 |
glie, se | loro, Loro1, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
f | le, Le1, -le, -Le1 | |||||||||
1 | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | |||||||||
2 | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | |||||||||
3 | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | |||||||||
4 | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). |
Japanese
Lahu
Middle English
Neapolitan
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ve/
- Rhymes: -e
Coordinate terms
Number | Person | Nominative | Accusative | Dative | Reflexive | Possessive | Prepositional |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | first-person | io (i') | me | mìo, mìa, mieje, meje | me, méne | ||
second-person, familiar | tu | te | tùjo, tòja, tùoje, tòje | te, téne | |||
second-person, formal | vuje | ve | vuósto, vósta, vuóste, vóste | vuje | |||
third-person, masculine | ìsso | 'o, 'u (lo, lu) | 'i, 'e (li, le) | se | sùjo, sòja, sùoje, sòje | ìsso | |
third-person, feminine | éssa | 'a (la) | 'e (le) | éssa | |||
plural | first-person | nuje | ce | nuósto, nòsta, nuóste, nòste | nuje | ||
second-person, plural | vuje | ve | vuósto, vòsta, vuóste, vòste | vuje | |||
third-person, masculine | ìsse | 'i, 'e (li, le) | llòro | se | llòro (invariable) | llòro | |
third-person, feminine | llòro | 'e (le) |
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
From Old Norse vei, væ, from Proto-Germanic *wai.
Related terms
- våle
Noun
ve m (definite singular veen, indefinite plural vear, definite plural veane)
- birth pang(s)
- pain, longing
ve n (definite singular veet, indefinite plural ve, definite plural vea)
- (obsolete except in "ve og vel") pain
Synonyms
Derived terms
- fødselsve
Etymology 2
From Old Norse vé, from Proto-Germanic *wīhą.
Noun
ve n (definite singular veet, indefinite plural ve, definite plural vea)
Derived terms
Slovene
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʋéː/
Pronoun
vẹ̑
Inflection
singular | |||
---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | reflexive | |
nominative | jàz | tí | — |
accusative | méne, me | tébe, te | sébe, se |
genitive | méne, me | tébe, te | sébe, se |
dative | méni, mi | tébi, ti | sébi, si |
locative | méni | tébi | sébi |
instrumental | menój, máno | tebój, tábo | sebój, sábo |
possessive | mój | tvój | svój |
dual | |||
1st person | 2nd person | reflexive | |
nominative | mídva m, médve/mídve f or n | vídva m, védve/vídve f or n | — |
accusative | náju | váju | sébe, se |
genitive | náju | váju | sébe, se |
dative | náma | váma | sébi, si |
locative | náju | váju | sébi |
instrumental | náma | váma | sebój, sábo |
possessive | nájin | vájin | svój |
plural | |||
1st person | 2nd person | reflexive | |
nominative | mí m, mé f or n | ví m, vé f or n | — |
accusative | nàs | vàs | sébe, se |
genitive | nàs | vàs | sébe, se |
dative | nàm | vàm | sébi, si |
locative | nàs | vàs | sébi |
instrumental | nàmi | vàmi | sebój, sábo |
possessive | nàš | vàš | svój |
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbe/ [ˈbe]
- Rhymes: -e
- Syllabification: ve
- Homophone: be
Derived terms
References
Verb
ve
Usage notes
References
Further reading
- “ve”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish ve, from Old Norse vei, væ, from Proto-Germanic *wai, from Proto-Indo-European *wai.
Cognate with Danish ve, Icelandic vei, Old Saxon and Middle High German wê, German weh, Dutch wee, Old English wá, English woe, and also Latin vae. The interjection is original in Old Swedish. The noun might have appeared from that interjection or by loan from Middle Low German.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /veː/
- Rhymes: -eː
- Homophone: V (the letter)
Noun
ve n
Declension
Declension of ve | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | ve | ve | ve | ve |
Genitive | ves | ves | ves | ves |
Related terms
- veklaga
- veklagan
- vemod
- verop
References
- ve in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
- ve in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (8th ed., 1923)
- ve in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ve/
Etymology 2
From Ottoman Turkish و (ve), from Arabic وَ (wa).
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [vɛ˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [vɛ˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [vɛ˧˧] ~ [jɛ˧˧]
- Homophone: de
Etymology 1
From Middle Vietnamese ue. Probably onomatopoeic, from the cry of the cicada.
Noun
Westrobothnian
Etymology 1
From Old Norse vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.
Pronunciation
Declension
number | first person | second person | reflexive | third person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | singular masculine | singular feminine | singular neuter | ||
nominative | jig, jeg, jög | du, döu | hɑnn, hånn | hu, ho, hon | he | |
accusative | meg | deg | seg | hana, na, a, hänner | he, ne, e | |
dative | meg (me) | deg (de) | seg (se) | hönöm, hano, håno | hannar, hänner, hennar, henar, nar | dy, dyij, di |
genitive | min, myin | din, dyin | sin, syin | hɑnʃ, hansches, hånsch | hannars, hännars, hennars, henars | diss |
case | plural | plural masculine | plural feminine | plural neuter | ||
nominative | ve | ge, je, ji | de, di, dȯm, dem, döm | |||
accusative | ass, åss | ge, je, ji | seg | |||
dative | ass, åss | gerom, irom | seg (se) | dȯm, dem, döm, do | ||
genitive | vor, wȯhn, våor, vånn, voden | jera, jänn, jern, iden, jedar, idar | sin, syin | dern, dera, däris, daires | dera, däris, daires | derä |