dem
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dɛm/
Audio (UK) (file)
- Rhymes: -ɛm
Determiner
dem
- Nonstandard form of them. (in the sense of "those")
- What are dem fings doing 'ere?
- (Caribbean, Jamaica, MLE, slang) (clitic, suffix) A group of.
- 2009, Dizzee Rascal, Chillin' Wiv Da Man Dem,
- Chillin' wiv da man dem
- Jammin' wiv da man dem
- It's all good in the hood wiv da man dem
- 2010, Plan B, Stay Too Long,
- I’ve got my peeps dem with me shouting pull up your socks,
- Cos we just broke the law and now we're running from cops.
- 2009, Dizzee Rascal, Chillin' Wiv Da Man Dem,
Derived terms
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *dama, from Proto-Indo-European *dm̥h₂-ó- (“bull”) (compare Irish damh, Ancient Greek δάμαλος (dámalos, “calf”)), from *demh₂- (“to tame”) (compare Latin domō, English tame).[1]
Declension
indefinite forms (trajta të pashquara) |
definite forms (trajta të shquara) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (numri njëjës) |
plural (numri shumës) |
singular (numri njëjës) |
plural (numri shumës) | ||
nominative (emërore) |
(një) dem | (disa) dema | demi | demat | |
accusative (kallëzore) |
(një) dem | (disa) dema | demin | demat | |
genitive (gjinore) (i/e/të/së) |
(një) demi | (disa) demave | demit | demavet | |
dative (dhanore) |
(një) demi | (disa) demave | demit | demavet | |
ablative (rrjedhore) (prej) |
(një) demi | (disa) demash | demit | demavet |
Synonyms
References
- Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 48
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dɛm/, [ˈd̥ɛm], [d̥ɛm], [b̥m̩]
See also
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
Second | modern / informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine | |
formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
common(noun) | den | dens | |||||
neuter(noun) | det | dets | |||||
reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine | ||
Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | ||
archaic / formal | vor | vort | vore | ||||
Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
Third | – | de | dem | deres | |||
reflexive | – | sig |
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /deːm/ (stressed) (for the pronoun)
- IPA(key): /dem/, /dəm/, /dm̩/ (unstressed) (for the article)
audio (file)
Declension
German definite articles | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Plural | |
Nominative | der | die | das | die |
Genitive | des | der | des | der |
Dative | dem | der | dem | den |
Accusative | den | die | das | die |
Declension
Declension of der | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | der | die | das | die |
genitive | dessen | deren younger also: derer |
dessen | derer deren |
dative | dem | der | dem | denen |
accusative | den | die | das | die |
Derived terms
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dʲɛmˠ/
Contraction
dem (triggers lenition)
Related terms
Basic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de (“from”) | den | de na desna* | de mo dem* | de do ded*, det* | dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* | do mo dom* | do do dod*, dot* | dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* | i do id*, it* | ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* | le do led*, let* | lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* | ó mo óm* | ó do ód*, ót* | óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
Jamaican Creole
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdɛm/
Derived terms
Particle
dem
- (postpositive) when placed after a noun phrase, the particle marks it as plural
- mi fren dem ― my friends
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /dem/, [d̪ɛ̃ˑ]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /dem/, [d̪ɛm]
Luxembourgish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dem/, [dəm]
Northern Kurdish
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dī-, cognate with English time, Albanian ditë, Old Armenian տի (ti) and Sanskrit दीति (dītí, “brightness; time”).
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dɛm/
See also
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
feminine | masculine | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | meg | mi | min | mitt | mine |
Second | – | du | deg | di | din | ditt | dine | |
Third | feminine (person) | hun | henne | hennes | ||||
masculine (person) | han | ham / han | hans | |||||
feminine (noun) | den | dens | ||||||
masculine (noun) | ||||||||
neuter (noun) | det | dets | ||||||
reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine | ||
Plural | First | – | vi | oss | vår | vårt | våre | |
Second | – | dere | deres | |||||
Third | general | de | dem | deres | ||||
reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine |
Pennsylvania German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dɛm/
Pitcairn-Norfolk
References
- Speak Norfolk Today: an Encyclopaedia of the Norfolk Island Language, by Alice Buffett, 1999.
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdɔm/
- Homophone: de
- Rhymes: -ɔm
Usage notes
In most dialects, de (“they”) and dem (“them”) are no longer distinguished in speech. They are regularly mixed up in writing by native speakers, due to lack of grammatical intuition. The article de is often mixed up with dem as well.
Declension
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
singular | first | — | jag | mig, mej3 | min | mitt | mina |
second | — | du | dig, dej3 | din | ditt | dina | |
third | masculine (person) | han | honom, han2, en5 | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hon | henne, na5 | hennes | ||||
gender-neutral (person)1 | hen | hen, henom7 | hens | ||||
common (noun) | den | den | dess | ||||
neuter (noun) | det | det | dess | ||||
indefinite | man or en4 | en | ens | ||||
reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina | ||
plural | first | — | vi | oss | vår, våran2 | vårt, vårat2 | våra |
second | — | ni | er | er, eran2, ers6 | ert, erat2 | era | |
archaic | I | eder | eder, eders6 | edert | edra | ||
third | — | de, dom3 | dem, dom3 | deras | |||
reflexive | — | sig, sej3 | sin | sitt | sina |
See also
Turkish
Etymology 1
Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (tam-), from Proto-Turkic *tem- (“to drip”).
Wolof
Pronunciation
Audio | (file) |
References
Omar Ka (2018) Nanu Dégg Wolof, National African Language Resource Center, →ISBN, page 100
Zhuang
Pronunciation
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /teːm˨˦/
- Tone numbers: dem1
- Hyphenation: dem