金

• 釒／钅 (jīn) (when used as a left Chinese radical)

金 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 金 (C), four-corner 8010₉, composition ⿱𫢉䒑)

1. Kangxi radical #167, ⾦.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/金
• 𠊄, 凎, 唫, 𫭾, 𫰾, 𫲧, 崯, 惍, 捦, 淦, 𬯉, 𪯧, 𣔋, 𬊝, 琻, 𫆤, 𥇶, 碒, 𥟨, 䘳, 𥺻, 䋮, 𫋆, 𫍀, 趛, 𩸱, 𪑙
• 崟, 菳, 𥦨, 𫅇, 蓥, 𥯀, 𦑕, 𧟴, 㕋, 𢉅, 㾣, 䦦, 𩰔, 淾

• KangXi: page 1295, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40152
• Dae Jaweon: page 1795, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4167, character 1
• Unihan data for U+91D1
• Unihan data for U+F90A

Historical forms of the character 金
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯm) : semantic 王 (“upside-down axe”) + semantic 呂／吕 (“two blocks of metal”) + phonetic 亼. 亼 is the ancient form for 今 (OC *krɯm). Shuowen interprets it as an image of metal in the earth ('象金在土中形') with 亼 as phonetic.

Originally referred to copper. Later, the meaning was extended to metal as a whole, and then to gold.

Starostin reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gǝ̆m (“metal”); compare Tedim Chin xam (“gold”) and Lepcha [script needed] (kóm, “silver, coin, money”).

“Copper” [prior to 5th BCE] > “metals in general” > “gold”.

The main senses now are “gold” and “metal”.

金

1. (obsolete) copper (Cu)
2. metal

   合金  ―  héjīn  ―  alloy

3. metalware
4. gold (Au)

   金的顏色和黃銅很相似。 [MSC, trad.]
   金的颜色和黄铜很相似。 [MSC, simp.]

   Jīn de yánsè hé huángtóng hěn xiāngsì. [Pinyin]

   Gold is similar in color to brass.

5. golden; blond

   金髮／金发  ―  jīnfà  ―  blond

   他被獎勵了一塊金錶。 [MSC, trad.]
   他被奖励了一块金表。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā bèi jiǎnglì le yīkuài jīn biǎo. [Pinyin]

   He received a golden watch as a prize.

6. (by extension) money; material wealth

   現金／现金  ―  xiànjīn  ―  cash

   資金／资金  ―  zījīn  ―  funds

   金錢／金钱  ―  jīnqián  ―  currency

7. (historical) ancient currency unit
8. (historical) gong or other metalware for signalling commands in the military

   金鼓齊鳴／金鼓齐鸣  ―  jīngǔqímíng  ―  the gongs and drums of war sound out in unison

9. respectful; precious

   金玉良言  ―  jīnyùliángyán  ―  precious advice

10. Used in 金城 (jīnchéng, “impregnable city”).

    金城湯池／金城汤池  ―  jīnchéngtāngchí  ―  strongly fortified city

11. Short for 金星 (Jīnxīng, “Venus”).
12. one of the eight kinds of instruments (八音)
13. one of the five elements of Wu Xing (五行)
14. (～朝) (historical) The Jurchen Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
15. (～朝, ～國) (historical) Synonym of 後金／后金 (Hòujīn), the Jurchen Later Jin state (1616–1636)
16. a surname

    金聖歎／金圣叹  ―  Jīn Shèngtàn  ―  Jin Shengtan (Chinese literary critic)

    金焰  ―  Jīn Yàn  ―  Jin Yan (Chinese actor)

Others:

• → Bouyei: jiml (“gold”)
• → Lao: ຄຳ (kham, “gold”)
• → Thai: คำ (kam, “gold”)
• → Zhuang: gim (“gold”)

• “Entry #4506”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Chemical element
Au
Previous: 白(はっ)金(きん) (hakkin) (Pt)
Next: 水(すい)銀(ぎん) (suigin) (Hg)

金 (kane, kugane, kogane, kin): Synthetically produced crystalline gold.

金 (kane, kana, kin): Metal in general, such as metal sheeting.

金 (kane, kana, kin): Hot metal work from a blacksmith.

1. gold
2. metal

• Go-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)^{←こん (kon, historical)←こむ (komu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: きん (kin, Jōyō)^{←きん (kin, historical)←きむ (kimu, ancient)}
• Kun: かな (kana, 金, Jōyō ^†); かね (kane, 金, Jōyō); くがね (kugane, 金); こがね (kogane, 金)
• Nanori: か (ka); かん (kan); きむ (kimu); こ (ko); この (kono)

From Old Japanese. Appears to be the older form of this word. In modern Japanese, only found at the start of compounds.

• Kun’yomi
• IPA^(key): [ka̠na̠]

金(かな) • (kana-) 

1. metal
2. money
3. firmness, strength
4. completely, entirely

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.[1]

Appears to be a fusion of kana + Old Japanese emphatic nominal particle い (​i). Compare the development of modern kami from kamu + i at 神, te from ta + i at 手, me from ma + i at 目, kaze from kaza + i at 風.

/kana/ + /i/ → /*kanai/ → /kane/

The four kanji spellings of this term, 金 (“gold”), 銀 (“silver”), 銅 (“copper”), and 鉄 (“iron”), hint at the importance of each of these four metals in ancient Japan.

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) かね [kàné] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ne̞]

金(かね) • (kane) 

1. money

   ⇒ お金 (​okane)

2. metal

The 金 spelling is the most common for this term.

• (money): お金(かね) (o-kane)
• (metal): 金(きん)属(ぞく) (kinzoku)

Compound of 黄 (ku, “yellow”) +‎ 金 (kane, “metal”). The ku is a variation of regular kun'yomi of ki for the 黄 character.[4] The kane changes to gane as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

• 黄金

• Kun’yomi
• IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ᵝɡa̠ne̞]

金(くがね) • (kugane) 

1. (archaic) gold

/kuɡane/ → /koɡane/

Alteration of kugane[4], possibly influenced by metaphor from 小金 (kogane, “a small amount of money”), or by the kan'on reading of kō for the 黄 character.

• 黄金

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) こがね [kògáné] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
• (Tokyo) こ​がね [kóꜜgànè] (Atamadaka – [1])[3]
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ɡa̠ne̞]

金(こがね) • (kogane) 

1. gold
2. gold or metal currency: coins, such as 大判 (ōban) or 小判 (koban)
3. short for 黄金色 (kogane iro, “gold”, the color)
4. short for 黄金の泥 (kogane no dei, “golden mud”, gold dust suspended in an emulsion and used for painting or other decoration)

   ⇒ 金泥 (​kondei)

• 小(こ)金(がね) (kogane): a small amount of money
• 金(こん)泥(でい) (kondei): “golden mud”, gold dust suspended in an emulsion and used for painting or other decoration

From Middle Chinese 金 (kim). Compare modern Mandarin 金 (jīn).

• On’yomi: Kan’on
• (Tokyo) き​ん [kíꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [kʲĩɴ]

金(きん) • (kin) 

1. gold (Au)
2. money

   金(きん)一(いっ)封(ぷう)をもらった。

   Kin ippū o moratta.

   I received a gift of money.

3. metal
4. (shogi) short for 金将 (kinshō): the gold general (a shogi piece)
5. one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see the "Wu Xing" entry on Wikipedia
6. short for 金曜日 (kin'yōbi): Friday

Often found in compounds.

金(きん) • (Kin) 

1. Jin dynasty (1115–1234)

From Middle Chinese 金 (kim).

• On’yomi: Goon
• (Tokyo) こ​ん [kóꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
• IPA^(key): [kõ̞ɴ]

金(こん) • (kon) 

1. one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine: see the "Wu Xing" entry on Wikipedia

From Middle Chinese 金 (MC kˠiɪm).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kɯm]
• Phonetic hangul: [금]

Wikisource 金 (eumhun 쇠 금 (soe geum))

1. Hanja form^? of 금 (“gold; amount of money”). [noun]
2. Hanja form^? of 금 (“money”). [suffix]
3. Hanja form^? of 금 (“Short for 금요일(金曜日) (geumyoil, “Friday”).”).

Most likely a borrowing from Early Mandarin 金 (EM *kim) during Mongol rule in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.[1]

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kim]
• Phonetic hangul: [김]

金 (eumhun 사람의 성(姓) 김 (saram-ui seong gim))

1. Hanja form^? of 김 (“a surname; used in placenames”).

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

金: Hán Việt readings: kim[1][2][3]
金: Nôm readings: kim[1][2][4], ghim[3][5], câm[2], găm[3], ghim[4]

1. chữ Hán form of kim (“gold; metal”).
2. chữ Hán form of Kim (“a surname from Chinese.”).