全

See also: 金, 𠓴, and 㒰
全 U+5168, 全
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5168
← 內
[U+5167] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兩 →
[U+5169]
全 U+FA72, 全
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA72
← 况
[U+FA71] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 侀 →
[U+FA73]

Translingual
Traditional 全
Simplified 全
Japanese 全
Korean 全
Stroke order
Stroke order
Stroke order
(Japan)

Alternative forms
  • Note that in Japan, Mainland China and Vietnam, the top of the character is 人, while in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Korea, the top is 入, which is the historical form found in the Kangxi Dictionary.

Han character

全 (Kangxi radical 11, 入+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人一土 (OMG), four-corner 80104, composition ⿱人王 (GJV) or ⿱入王 (HTK))

Derived characters

References

Further reading


Chinese
trad. 全
simp. # 全
alternative forms 㒰

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 全
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script

s03782

Transcribed ancient scripts

L32047

L32048

L07273

L07274

L07275

L07276

L07277

L07278

L07279

L07280

L07281

L07282

L07283

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (全) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
拴 *sroːn, *sʰlon
栓 *sroːn, *sron
跧 *ʔsroːn, *ʔsron, *ʔslun
痊 *sʰlon
詮 *sʰlon
荃 *sʰlon
銓 *sʰlon
筌 *sʰlon
輇 *sʰlon, *djon
硂 *sʰlon
佺 *sʰlon
駩 *sʰlon
絟 *sʰlon, *sʰlod
恮 *sʰlon, *ʔsron
峑 *sʰlon
全 *zlon
仝 *zlon, *doːŋ
牷 *zlon

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 入 + 玉 (“jade”) – a whole piece of jade; pure jade.

Etymology

Cognate with 痊 (OC *sʰlon, “to become cured”) (Karlgen, 1956).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chn̂g/chûiⁿ - vernacular;
  • choân - literary.
Note:
  • cuêng5 - Chaozhou;
  • cuang5 - Shantou.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: cienn2
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /t͡sʰiẽ¹³/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /t͡ɕʰiẽ¹³/
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 全
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰyan³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰyan²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰyan⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰyã⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡sʰiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰyan⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sʰuã²⁴/
Xining /t͡sʰuã²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰyan⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰyɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕyan⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰyɛn²¹³/ 新
/t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹³/ 舊
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyan³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰian²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /t͡sʰyen²⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰyĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰye¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰye̞¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰye³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ʑi²³/
Suzhou /ziɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /jy³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰye⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
/t͡ɕʰyɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡siẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡zyẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰyɵn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰien¹¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰion¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰyn²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰyn²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰyn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡suan³⁵/
/t͡sŋ̍³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡suoŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡syiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰuaŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /suaŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 全
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 仙 (78)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 疾緣切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ziuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡zʷiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zjuæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡zwian/
Li
Rong		 /d͡ziuɛn/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zĭwɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱi̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 quán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 cyun4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 全
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 quán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzjwen ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[dz]o[n]/
English complete (adj.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 全
Reading # 1/1
No. 10718
Phonetic
component		 全
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 全
Old
Chinese		 /*zlon/

Definitions

全

  1. † pure jade
  2. complete; whole; entire
  3. completely; wholly
  4. everything; all
  5. perfect; flawless; faultless
  6. to preserve; to save; to keep whole or intact
  7. to maintain; to keep
  8. a surname

Synonyms
  • (whole):
Synonyms of 全
  • (all):
Dialectal synonyms of 都 (“all; both”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 皆, 均, 俱
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 都, 全, 皆, 均, 俱
Mandarin Beijing 都, 全
Taiwan 都
Jinan 都, 全
Xi'an 都
Wuhan 都, 下
Chengdu 都, 下
Guilin 都
Yangzhou 都, 全
Hefei 都
Malaysia 都
Singapore 都
Cantonese Guangzhou 都
Hong Kong 都
Yangjiang 都
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 都
Singapore (Guangfu) 都
Gan Nanchang 都
Hakka Meixian 都
Wuhua (Meilin) 都
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 都
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 都
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 都
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 都
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 都
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 攏
Jin Taiyuan 都, 全
Min Bei Jian'ou 都
Min Dong Fuzhou 都
Min Nan Xiamen 攏, 計, 計計
Xiamen (Tong'an) 攏
Quanzhou 攏, 計, 計計
Zhangzhou 攏, 計, 計計
Zhao'an 攏
Dongshan 攏
Tainan 攏
Penang (Hokkien) 到了
Singapore (Hokkien) 攏, 攏總, 計
Manila (Hokkien) 攏, 攏總
Chaozhou 攏
Shantou 攏
Jieyang 攏
Singapore (Teochew) 攏
Wenchang 都
Qionghai 攏
Singapore (Hainanese) 攏
Wu Shanghai 儕, 禿
Suzhou 才
Wenzhou 沃
Xiang Changsha 下, 都
Shuangfeng 下

Compounds
Derived terms from 全

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (全):
  • → Japanese: 全(ぜん) (zen)
  • → Korean: 전(全) (jeon)
  • → Vietnamese: toàn (全)

Japanese
Shinjitai 全
Kyūjitai
[1]
全󠄁
全+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
全󠄃
全+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
全

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. whole; entire; all

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology
Kanji in this term
全
ぜん
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 全 (dzjwen, “complete, whole”).

Pronunciation

Noun

全(ぜん) • (zen) 

  1. entire, complete, overall

Prefix

全(ぜん) • (zen-) 

  1. all, pan-, omni-

References
  1. “全”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)‎ (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

全 (eumhun 온전할 전 (onjeonhal jeon))

  1. Hanja form? of 전 (“intact”).

Vietnamese

Han character

全: Hán Nôm readings: toàn, tuyền

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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