成

成 (Kangxi radical 62, 戈+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹尸 (IHS), four-corner 5320₀, composition ⿵戊𠃌)

• 𠉛, 城, 娍, 峸, 晠, 珹, 𥓉, 絾, 𢧚, 臹, 誠(诚), 鋮(铖), 鯎, 郕, 㼩, 䫆, 盛, 宬, 𡷫, 荿, 晟, 窚, 筬, 㡬, 𣚺, 膥

• KangXi: page 411, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11542
• Dae Jaweon: page 752, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1399, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6210
• Unihan data for U+2F8B2

Historical forms of the character 成
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djeŋ) : semantic 戊 + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).

Cognate with 盛 (OC *djeŋ, “to hold with a receptacle”), 城 (OC *djeŋ, “city wall; city”), 盛 (OC *djeŋs, “abundant; flourishing”) (Schuessler, 2007).

According to Bodman (1980), cognate with Tibetan གྱང་ (gyang, “wall”), Tibetan འགེངས་པ ('gengs pa, “to fill”), Tibetan བཀང་ (bkang, “to fill to the brim”), Tibetan སྐོང་བ (skong ba, “to fulfill”).

成

1. to succeed; to finish; to complete; to accomplish

   大功告成  ―  dàgōnggàochéng  ―  (of a project, work, etc.) to be completed

   沒有錢什麼事情都辦不成。 [MSC, trad.]
   没有钱什么事情都办不成。 [MSC, simp.]

   Méiyǒu qián shénme shìqíng dōu bàn bù chéng. [Pinyin]

   Without money nothing can be done.

   這種人成不了大事的。 [MSC, trad.]
   这种人成不了大事的。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè zhǒng rén chéng bùliǎo dàshì de. [Pinyin]

   These people are not able to accomplish anything significant.

2. to help to achieve

   成全  ―  chéngquán  ―  to help (somebody) succeed

   • 子曰：「君子成人之美，不成人之惡。小人反是。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：“君子成人之美，不成人之恶。小人反是。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Jūnzǐ chéng rén zhī měi, bù chéng rén zhī è. Xiǎorén fǎn shì.” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, "The superior man seeks to perfect the admirable qualities of men, and does not seek to perfect their bad qualities. The mean man does the opposite of this."

3. to become; to turn into

   衰變成鉛206／衰变成铅206  ―  shuāibiàn chéng qiān 206  ―  decay into ²⁰⁶Pb

   兩人成了朋友。／两人成了朋友。  ―  Liǎng rén chéng le péngyǒu.  ―  The two became friends.

   我們要把學生培養成有理想、有道德、有文化的人。 [MSC, trad.]
   我们要把学生培养成有理想、有道德、有文化的人。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒmen yào bǎ xuéshēng péiyǎng chéng yǒu lǐxiǎng, yǒu dàodé, yǒu wénhuà de rén. [Pinyin]

   We have to nurture students into people with ideals, morals and education.

   • 即食麵係將麵壓成一塊。 [Cantonese, trad.]
     即食面系将面压成一块。 [Cantonese, simp.]

     From: 2010, Cantonese Wikipedia, 即食麪

     zik¹ sik⁶ min⁶ hai⁶ zoeng¹ min⁶ aat³ sing⁴ jat¹ faai³. [Jyutping]

     Instant noodles are noodles compressed into a slab.

   • 沙士（「士」讀成第二聲） [Cantonese, trad.]
     沙士（“士”读成第二声） [Cantonese, simp.]

     From: 2007, Cantonese Wikipedia, 沙士

     saa¹ si^6-2 (“si⁶” duk⁶ sing⁴ dai⁶ ji⁶ seng¹) [Jyutping]

     "沙士" (with 士 read in/as the second tone)

   你搵工搵成點呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   你揾工揾成点呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   nei⁵ wan² gung¹ wan² seng⁴ dim² aa³? [Jyutping]

   How's the job hunting going?

   琴日個蛋糕整成點呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   琴日个蛋糕整成点呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   kam⁴ jat⁶ go³ daan⁶ gou¹ zing² seng⁴ dim² aa³? [Jyutping]

   How did the cake from yesterday go?

4. achievement; positive result

   守成  ―  shǒuchéng  ―  to maintain the achievements of one's predecessors

   坐享其成  ―  zuòxiǎngqíchéng  ―  to sit idle and enjoy the fruits of others' work

5. (in compounds) fully developed; fully grown

   成人  ―  chéngrén  ―  adult

   成蟲／成虫  ―  chéngchóng  ―  imago

6. fixed; ready-made

   成語／成语  ―  chéngyǔ  ―  chengyu (a certain kind of Chinese set phrase)

   成見／成见  ―  chéngjiàn  ―  preconceived idea; preconception

   成衣  ―  chéngyī  ―  ready-made clothes

7. to reach a certain level; to amount to

   成批購買／成批购买  ―  chéngpī gòumǎi  ―  to buy in batches

   成千上萬／成千上万  ―  chéngqiānshàngwàn  ―  by the thousands and tens of thousands

   成雙成對／成双成对  ―  chéngshuāngchéngduì  ―  forming pairs

8. to be all right

   你不去可不成。  ―  Nǐ bù qù kě bù chéng.  ―  No, you must go.

9. capable
10. one tenth

    三成  ―  sān chéng  ―  three tenths (30%)

    五成半 [Cantonese]  ―  ng⁵ sing⁴ bun³ [Jyutping]  ―  5.5 tenths (55%)

    八成九  ―  bā chéng jiǔ  ―  8.9 tenths (89%)

11. 73rd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "completion" (𝍎)
12. (Cantonese) entire

    成塊肉／成块肉 [Cantonese]  ―  seng⁴ faai³ juk⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  entire piece of meat

    成隻狗噉／成只狗噉 [Cantonese]  ―  seng⁴ zek³ gau² gam² [Jyutping]  ―  entirely like a dog

    成件事 [Cantonese]  ―  seng⁴ gin⁶ si⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  the entire matter

13. (Cantonese, Hokkien) almost; nearly; up to

    高咗成四寸 [Cantonese]  ―  gou¹ zo² seng⁴ sei³ cyun³ [Jyutping]  ―  grew almost four inches

    成一點鐘仲唔返屋企 [Cantonese, trad.]
    成一点钟仲唔返屋企 [Cantonese, simp.]

    From: 開放詞典 [Kaifang Cidian]

    seng⁴ jat¹ dim² zung¹ zung⁶ m⁴ faan¹ uk¹ kei⁵ [Jyutping]

    nearly 1 o'clock, yet they won't return home

14. a surname

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 成)

1. to become
2. to do something

• Go-on: じょう (jō, Jōyō ^†)^{←じやう (zyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
• Kun: なす (nasu, 成す, Jōyō); なる (naru, 成る, Jōyō); たいらぎ (tairagi, 成らぎ)
• Nanori: あき (aki); あきら (akira); おさむ (osamu); さだ (sada); さだむ (sadamu); しげ (shige); しげる (shigeru); そん (son); たえ (tae); なお (nao); なり (nari); なる (naru); のり (nori); はかる (hakaru); はる (haru); ひで (hide); ひら (hira); ふさ (fusa); まさ (masa); みち (michi); みのる (minoru); よし (yoshi); り (ri)

成 (eumhun 이룰 성 (irul seong))

1. Hanja form^? of 성 (“accomplishment”).

• 달성 (達成, dalseong, “achievement”)
• 완성 (完成, wanseong, “completion”)
• 성공 (成功, seonggong, “success”)
• 성장 (成長, seongjang, “growth”)

成: Hán Nôm readings: thành, thình

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