異
|
|
![]() | ||||||||
|
Translingual
Han character
異 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田廿金 (WTC), four-corner 60801, composition ⿱田共)
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №65
Derived characters
Related characters
References
- KangXi: page 763, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21866
- Dae Jaweon: page 1173, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2540, character 5
- Unihan data for U+7570
- Unihan data for U+F962
- Unihan data for U+2F938
Chinese
trad. | 異 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 异* | |
alternative forms | 𠔱 𢄖 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 異 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
Ideogram (指事) – a man with a mask (田) over his face. Possible interpretations:
- Strange, bizarre — "uncommon".
- Different face — "different".
Compare 鬼 (“demon”), where the 田 also derives from a face.
Alternatively, may be a pictogram (象形) of a person carrying something on their head, the original form of 戴 (“to carry on the head”).
Modern form is graphically 田 + 共, though this is not the etymology.
Pronunciation
Definitions
異
- different; other
- uncommon; unusual; special; strange; surprising
- to distinguish; to separate
- (chemistry) iso- (forms terms relating to isomers)
- (Hakka) quite; very
- 異好/异好 [Meixian Hakka] ― yi4 hau3 [Hakka Transliteration Scheme] ― very good
Synonyms
Antonyms
- 同 (tóng, “same”)
Compounds
|
|
|
Japanese
Shinjitai | 異 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
異󠄂 異+ 󠄂 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
![]() |
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Readings
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
異 |
い Grade: 6 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 異 (MC jɨH). Compare modern Mandarin 異/异 (yì, /i⁵¹/), Cantonese 異 (ji6, /jiː²²/).
Inflection
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 異だろ | いだろ | i daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 異で | いで | i de |
Terminal (終止形) | 異だ | いだ | i da |
Attributive (連体形) | 異な | いな | i na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 異なら | いなら | i nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 異であれ | いであれ | i de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 異ではない 異じゃない |
いではない いじゃない |
i de wa nai i ja nai |
Informal past | 異だった | いだった | i datta |
Informal negative past | 異ではなかった 異じゃなかった |
いではなかった いじゃなかった |
i de wa nakatta i ja nakatta |
Formal | 異です | いです | i desu |
Formal negative | 異ではありません 異じゃありません |
いではありません いじゃありません |
i de wa arimasen i ja arimasen |
Formal past | 異でした | いでした | i deshita |
Formal negative past | 異ではありませんでした 異じゃありませんでした |
いではありませんでした いじゃありませんでした |
i de wa arimasen deshita i ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 異で | いで | i de |
Conditional | 異なら(ば) | いなら(ば) | i nara (ba) |
Provisional | 異だったら | いだったら | i dattara |
Volitional | 異だろう | いだろう | i darō |
Adverbial | 異に | いに | i ni |
Degree | 異さ | いさ | isa |
Derived terms
- 異義 (igi)
- 異議 (igi)
- 異教 (ikyō)
- 異郷 (ikyō)
- 異境 (ikyō)
- 異才 (isai)
- 異彩 (isai)
- 異種 (ishu)
- 異趣 (ishu)
- 異状 (ijō)
- 異常 (ijō)
- 異色 (ishoku)
- 異人 (ijin): foreigner, stranger
- 異国人 (ikokujin): foreigner, stranger
- 異相 (isō)
- 異俗 (izoku)
- 異存 (izon)
- 異端 (itan)
- 異途 (ito)
- 異同 (idō)
- 異動 (idō)
- 異物 (ibutsu)
- 異母 (ibo)
- 異邦 (ihō): foreign country
- 異邦人 (ihōjin): foreigner, stranger
- 異様 (iyō)
- 異例 (irei)
- 変異 (hen'i)
References
- “異”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia) (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Compounds
Usage notes
The reading 리 (ri) in certain placenames such as 지리산 (智異山, Jirisan) is caused by 활음조 현상 (滑音調 現像, hwareumjo hyeonsang, “euphony”) which altered the original sound from 이 (i) to 리 (ri).[1] This concept (ease of pronunciation) is closely related to the initial sound law 두음 법칙 (頭音法則, dueum beopchik) in South Korea.
Compounds
- 지리산 (智異山, Jirisan)
Vietnamese
Han character
異: Hán Việt readings: dị (
異: Nôm readings: dị[1][2][3][5]
- chữ Hán form of dị (“dissimilar; bizarre; unusual”).
References
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).
- Bonet (1899).
- Génibrel (1898).
- Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).