See also: and
U+9BAE, 鮮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BAE

[U+9BAD]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9BAF]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 195, +6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓火廿手 (NFTQ), four-corner 28351, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1470, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46133
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4688, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+9BAE

Chinese

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sen, *senʔ, *sens) : semantic (fish) + abbreviated phonetic (OC *qʰreːn, *qʰljen).

Alternatively, may be ideogrammic compound (會意) : (fish) + (sheep) – delicious.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gsjar (new; fresh) (STEDT). Cognate with Proto-Tibeto-Burman *g-sar (new; fresh), whence Tibetan གསར་བ (gsar ba, new; fresh), Rawang angsar (new), Drung aksal (new), Mizo tʰarᴴ (new) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

trad.
simp.
alternative forms
 
𱈜


⿰⿱⺈冂羊
𱆮
𱈜


⿰⿱⺈冂羊
𱆮
⿰𩵋羊


Note:
  • chiĕng - vernacular;
  • siĕng - literary.
Note:
  • chhiⁿ - vernacular;
  • sian - literary;
  • sián - alternative literary, used in some compounds (e.g. 鮮美).
Note:
  • cin1 - vernacular;
  • siang1 - literary (used in 鮮卑).
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • (Changsha)
      • Wiktionary: sienn1
      • Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /siẽ³³/
      • Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /ɕiẽ³³/

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ɕian⁵⁵/
Harbin /ɕian⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕian²¹/
Jinan /ɕiã²¹³/
Qingdao /siã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /sian²⁴/
Xi'an /ɕiã²¹/
Xining /ɕiã⁵³/
Yinchuan /ɕian⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /ɕian⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ɕyan⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ɕian⁵⁵/
Kunming /ɕiɛ̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ɕyen³¹/
Hefei /ɕyĩ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɕi⁵³/
Suzhou /siɪ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ɕiẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /ɕiɛ³³/
Hui Shexian /ɕie³¹/
/ɕye³¹/
Tunxi /siɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /siẽ³³/
Xiangtan /siẽ³³/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sien⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /sien³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sin⁵³/
Nanning /ɬin⁵⁵/
/ɬin³⁵/
Hong Kong /sin⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sian⁵⁵/
/t͡sʰĩ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰieŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /siŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰĩ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sin³¹/ 朝~
/si²³/ 新~

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (16)
Final () (77)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/siᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun
/siɛn/
Shao
Rongfen
/sjæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/sian/
Li
Rong
/siɛn/
Wang
Li
/sĭɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯ɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sin1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiān xiān
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjen › ‹ sjen ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s][a]r/ /*s[a]r/
English fresh; good 鮮卑 *s[a]r.pe Xiānbēi

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3
No. 13490
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sen/
Notes

Definitions

  1. live fish; aquatic food
  2. fresh food; delicious food
  3. fresh; not stale
  4. new; recent
  5. clear; vivid
  6. brightly coloured; gaily coloured
  7. delicious; tasty
  8. special; peculiar
  9. (Hakka) thin; dilute
  10. a surname
Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 2

Etymology not clear (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

trad.
simp.
alternative forms



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3
Initial () (16)
Final () (77)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/siᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun
/siɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen
/sjænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/sianX/
Li
Rong
/siɛnX/
Wang
Li
/sĭɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯ɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sin2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiǎn
Middle
Chinese
‹ sjenX ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s][e]rʔ/
English rare, few

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3
No. 13492
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*senʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. rare; little; few
  2. rarely; infrequently
  3. to lack; to be short of
  4. Alternative form of 𪩘 (yǎn, “the top of a mountain; cliff; small mountain”).

Compounds

Pronunciation

trad.
simp.



Rime
Character
Reading # 3/3
Initial () (16)
Final () (77)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/siᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun
/siɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen
/sjænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/sianH/
Li
Rong
/siɛnH/
Wang
Li
/sĭɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/si̯ɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
sin3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 13496
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sens/

Definitions

  1. Alternative form of (xiàn, “to offer; to present”).

Compounds

Further reading


Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
せん
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC siᴇn, siᴇnX, siᴇnH).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [sẽ̞ɴ]

Affix

(せん) (sen) せん (sen)?

  1. fresh
  2. vivid
  3. (Empire of Japan) Korea
    (ぜん)(せん)zensenthe entirety of Korea
    (ない)(せん)一体(いったい)naisen ittaiunification of the mainland and Korea

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 고울 (goul seon))

  1. Hanja form? of (smooth; fish).

Compounds


Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: tiên, tắn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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