See also: 𢎵
U+5F17, 弗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F17

[U+5F16]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5F18]

Translingual

Stroke order (Sans-serif)

Han character

(Kangxi radical 57, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 中中弓 (LLN), four-corner 55027, composition ⿻⿰丿)

Derived characters

  • , , 彿, , 𠔘, 𡗻, 𡘉, 𡛯, 𭯗, 𡶒, 𢂀, 𢏇, 𢒍, 𢘍, 𣭘, 𣲴, 𤝟, 𤤖, 𤫰, 𥘬 𥿏, 𦕚, 𦨡, 𧉸, 𧙂, 𧠤, 𧿳, 𨚓, 𨚭, 𩖼

References

  • KangXi: page 356, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9708
  • Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 990, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5F17

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions

Pictogram (象形) – two arrows, tied together to be straightened.

Later borrowed phonetically to mean “no”. The derivative (OC *pʰɯd) stands for the original word.

Etymology 1

not (verb) him/her/it
Fusion of (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ', “not”) with (OC *tjɯ, “third-person pronoun”) (Schuessler, 2007). See etymology of for more.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (1)
Final () (60)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨut̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/piut̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/piuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/put̚/
Li
Rong
/piuət̚/
Wang
Li
/pĭuət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi̯uət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fat1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjut › ‹ pjut › ‹ pjut ›
Old
Chinese
/*p[u]t/ /*put/ /*put/
English (negation) gust of wind writing brush (pron. in Yān 燕, ap. Shuōwén, E. Hàn)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3313
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯd/

Definitions

  1. (Classical Chinese or Wu) not
    [Shanghainese, trad. and simp.]
    [ŋv̩ʷ²³ v̥əʔ¹¹ iɔ²³ ta̱ʔ⁴⁴  ɦi²³ t͡ɕʰi³⁴] [IPA]
    I don't want to go with him!
    [Suzhounese]   Sorry
  2. Used in 弗弗.
  3. Alternative form of ().
  4. to straighten; to correct
  5. Used in transcription.
Synonyms
Usage notes
  • In modern Standard Chinese, this character is almost entirely used for phonetic translations. The character mainly represents the phoneme /f/ in word-final and preconsonantal positions.
  • The characters () and (fǒu) are far more commonly used to mean “no”.
  • In lects such as Shanghainese or Ningbonese, the character is more commonly used. It also has the tone sandhi pattern of a light deparing (陽去阳去 (yángqù)) tone.

Compounds

  • 因弗基普
  • 弗庭
  • 弗弗
  • 弗悟

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to cost; to spend; to expend; to consume; to use; to exhaust; etc.”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. fluorine
  2. the dollar sign ($)

Readings

  • Go-on: ほち (hochi)
  • Kan-on: ふつ (futsu)
  • Kun: ドル (doru, ); (zu, )

Etymology 1

(futsu): a sample of chilled liquid fluorine.
Kanji in this term
ふつ
Hyōgaiji
kan’on

Originally borrowed from Middle Chinese (*pjut), meaning either “not” or “a gust of wind”. Apparently later repurposed during the later Edo period for its phonetic value in translating the Dutch fluor (fluorine).

Pronunciation

Affix

(ふつ) (futsu) 

  1. (chemistry, chemical elements) fluorine, fluoride
Usage notes

Seldom used. In chemistry contexts, almost always spelled in katakana as フツ, appearing in most compounds as フッ.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
どる
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Glyph origin

Repurposed for its visual similarity to the dollar symbol $. This reading is ultimately borrowed from Dutch dollar.[1][2]

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
ドル
[noun] a dollar (designation for specific currency)
[proper noun] Dole, Jura (place in France)
Alternative spellings
,
(This term, , is an alternative (obsolete) spelling of the above term.)

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 아닐 (anil bul))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  2. Repurposed for its visual similarity to the dollar symbol $.[1]

References


Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: phất

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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