羹

See also: 羮 and 焿

羹	U+7FB9, 羹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FB9

← 羸
[U+7FB8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

羺 →
[U+7FBA]

Translingual

Han character

羹 (Kangxi radical 123, 羊+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿土火廿大 (TGFTK), four-corner 8053₀, composition ⿱羔美)

Derived characters

𤄾, 𦣍, 𢑌

Related characters

羮 (Variant form)

References

KangXi: page 954, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28584
Dae Jaweon: page 1399, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3139, character 13
Unihan data for U+7FB9

Chinese

trad.		羹
simp. ^#		羹
alternative forms		𩱧𩱋𢑌羮焿

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gēng (geng¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄥ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): gang¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gang^1*
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kiⁿ / keⁿ / kng / keng

(Teochew, Peng'im): gên¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: geng
  - Wade–Giles: kêng¹
  - Yale: gēng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geng
  - Palladius: гэн (gɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gang¹
  - Yale: gāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: geng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gang^1*
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvy
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /kĩ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /kĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kenn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvef
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ̃⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan): /kẽ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kng
  - Tâi-lô: kng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kngf
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng
  - Tâi-lô: king
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kefng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

kiⁿ/keⁿ - vernacular;
kng/keng - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gên¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kẽ³³/

Middle Chinese: /kˠæŋ/

Rime
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古行切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/kɐŋ/
Wang Li	/kɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gang¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤraŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kraːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gēng
Middle Chinese	‹ kæng ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁraŋ/
English	soup
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
No.	3988
Phonetic component	羹
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	庚
Old Chinese	/*kraːŋ/

Definitions

羹

thick soup; broth
魚肚羹／鱼肚羹 ― yúdùgēng ― fish maw soup
vegetable soup
soups in general
(Cantonese) spoon (Classifier: 隻／只)
(Cantonese) spoonful
- 𢳂羹辣椒醬落去 [Cantonese, trad.]
  𫼣羹辣椒酱落去 [Cantonese, simp.]
  bat¹ gang¹ laat⁶ ziu¹ zoeng³ lok⁶ heoi³ [Jyutping]
  scoop a spoonful of hot sauce in

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 勺子 (“spoon”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		匙, 勺
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		調羹, 湯匙, 羹匙
Mandarin	Beijing	勺兒
	Taiwan	湯匙
	Tianjin	勺兒
	Jinan	勺子, 調羹
	Xi'an	勺勺兒, 調羹
	Wuhan	瓢羹, 湯瓢, 瓢, 調羹
	Chengdu	瓢羹, 瓢羹兒, 調羹, 調羹兒, 瓢瓢兒
	Yangzhou	瓢子, 挑子, 調羹
	Hefei	勺子
	Malaysia	湯匙
	Singapore	湯匙
Cantonese	Guangzhou	匙羹, 羹
	Hong Kong	匙羹, 羹
	Taishan	匙羹, 羹
	Yangjiang	羹
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	匙羹
	Singapore (Guangfu)	匙羹
Gan	Nanchang	瓢羹, 調羹
Hakka	Meixian	調羹, 湯匙
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	湯匙
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	調羹仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	湯匙
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	湯匙
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	湯匙
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	湯匙
	Kuching (Hepo)	湯匙
Jin	Taiyuan	匙匙, 調羹兒, 羹匙
Min Bei	Jian'ou	調羹
Min Dong	Fuzhou	瓢羹
	Fuqing	瓢羹, 湯匙
	Singapore (Fuqing)	瓢羹, 湯匙
Min Nan	Xiamen	湯匙
	Quanzhou	湯匙
	Zhangzhou	湯匙, 調羹, 調羹仔
	Taipei	湯匙
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	湯匙
	Kaohsiung	湯匙仔
	Yilan	湯匙, 調羹仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	湯匙
	Taichung	湯匙仔
	Tainan	湯匙, 湯匙仔
	Hsinchu	湯匙
	Kinmen	湯匙
	Penghu (Magong)	湯匙
	Penang (Hokkien)	調羹, 湯匙
	Singapore (Hokkien)	湯匙
	Manila (Hokkien)	湯匙
	Medan (Hokkien)	調羹
	Chaozhou	湯匙
	Singapore (Teochew)	湯匙
	Wenchang	頭羹
	Singapore (Hainanese)	頭羹
Wu	Shanghai	調羹
	Suzhou	抄, 調羹
	Wenzhou	調羹
Xiang	Changsha	瓢羹, 挑子
Xiang	Shuangfeng	調勾, 挑子

Descendants

→ Proto-Southwestern Tai: *kɛːŋᴬ¹
- Lao: ແກງ (kǣng, “stew; soup”)
- Thai: แกง (gɛɛng, “curry; soup; stew”)
- Northern Thai: ᨠᩯ᩠ᨦ
- Lü: ᦶᦂᧂ (k̇aeng)
- Shan: ၵႅင် (kěng)
→ Saek: เก๋ง

Compounds

分一杯羹 (fēnyībēigēng)
分我杯羹
分杯羹
和羹
嚃羹
大羹玄酒
太羹
沸羹
羊羹 (yánggēng)
羹匙 (gēngchí)
羹藜唅糗
肉羹 (ròugēng)
芼羹

藜羹
蜩螗沸羹
豆羹
吃閉門羹／吃闭门羹 (chī bìméngēng)
土托魚羹／土托鱼羹
塵飯塗羹／尘饭涂羹
年羹堯／年羹尧
懲羹吹齏／惩羹吹齑
指雁為羹／指雁为羹
殘羹／残羹
殘羹冷炙／残羹冷炙
殘羹冷飯／残羹冷饭
殘羹剩飯／残羹剩饭 (cángēngshèngfàn)

爺羹娘飯／爷羹娘饭
爺飯娘羹／爷饭娘羹
百歲羹／百岁羹
簞食豆羹／箪食豆羹
羹湯／羹汤
羹牆／羹墙
羹牆見堯／羹墙见尧
羹飯／羹饭
蓴羹鱸膾／莼羹鲈脍
調羹／调羹 (tiáogēng)
鉶羹／铏羹
閉門羹／闭门羹 (bìméngēng)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): láng (lang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): long⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: láng
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: láng
  - Wade–Giles: lang²
  - Yale: láng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lang
  - Palladius: лан (lan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: long⁴
  - Yale: lòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: long⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: long⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːŋ²¹/

Definitions

羹

Only used in 不羹.

Japanese

Kanji

羹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: きょう (kyō)
Kan-on: こう (kō)
Kan’yō-on: かん (kan)
Kun: あつもの (atsumono)

Compounds

肉羹(にくこう) (nikukō): meat broth
羊羹(ようかん) (yōkan): a gelatin made from boiled sheep and used in soups; a thick jellied dessert made of red bean paste, agar, and sugar

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
羹
かん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 羹 (MC kˠæŋ).

Pronunciation

On’yomi

IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Affix

羹(かん) • (kan)

broth of fish and vegetables

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
羹
あつもの Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

あつ (atsu, “hot”) +‎ もの (mono, “thing”)[1]

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) あつもの [àtsúmónó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [a̠t͡sɨᵝmo̞no̞]

Noun

羹(あつもの) • (atsumono)

broth of fish and vegetables

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

羹 • (gaeng) (hangeul 갱, revised gaeng, McCune–Reischauer kaeng, Yale kayng)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

羹: Hán Nôm readings: canh

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN