umquam

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Perhaps from *quomquam, from quom (later cum) and quam (“any”). Compare cumque.

Pronunciation

Adverb

umquam (not comparable)

  1. at any time, ever

Usage notes

Most frequently in negative clauses, sometimes also in interrogations and in conditional clauses; but very seldom in affirmations

Synonyms

Derived terms
Latin correlatives (edit)
typeinterrogativeindefinite(medial)
demonstrative		proximal
demonstrative		distal
demonstrative		relativeindefinite
relative		identityother
basic quis, quīquis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quisque, quisquam, aliquisquam, quispiam, ūllusis, iste, istichicille, illicquīquisquis, quīcumqueipse, īdemalter, alius
dual uteralteruter, uterqueuterutercumque
number quotaliquottotquotquotquot, quotcumquetotidem
order quotustotusquotusquotuscumque
quantity quamaliquamtamquam†quamquam†tamen, †tandem
size quantusaliquantustantusquantusquantuscumquetantusdem
quality quālisaliquālistālisquālisquālis, quāliscumque
manner ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodumutique, quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modōita, sic, eō/istō modōhōc modōillō modōut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodumutut, utcumque, quōmodocumqueitem, itidemaliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
method,
path,
place		 quāaliquā, quāqueeā, istāchācillācquāquāquā, quācumqueeādemaliā
place ubialicubi, ubique, usquam, uspiamibi, istichīcillīcubiubiubi, ubicumqueibidemalibī, aliās
source undealicunde, undeundeinde, istinchincillincundeundecumqueindidemaliunde
destination quō, quōrsumaliquō, quōquam, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsumeō, istūc, °istōrsumhūc, °hōrsumillūc, °illōrsumquōquōquō, quōcumqueeōdemaliō, aliorsum
time quandōquondam, aliquandō, quandōque, umquamtum, tuncnum, nuncōlimcum, quandōcumque, quandōcumque, quandōquesimulaliās
exact time quota hōraea/ista hōrahac hōrailla hōraquota hōraquotacumque hōraeadem hōraaltera/alia hōra
repetition quotiēnsaliquotiēnstotiēnsquotiēnsquotiēnscumque
multiplication quotuplextotuplexquotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated
° Rare

Descendants

Several forms reflect the addition of an adverbial /-s/.

  • Balkan Romance:
    • Romanian: încă
  • Italo-Romance:
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Old Ligurian: unca
    • Old Lombard: unca, uncha, unchan
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Occitano-Romance:
    • Old Occitan: oncas (central), onc, unques (Béarn)
      • Occitan: onc (Rouergue)

References

Further reading
  • “umquam”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “umquam”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • umquam in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • nothing will ever make me forgetful of him: memoriam eius nulla umquam delebit (obscurabit) oblivio (Fam. 2. 1)
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