risti

See also: rišti

Estonian

Etymology 1

Derived from rist.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈrisːʲti/

Adverb

risti

  1. crosswise
  2. perpendicular, at a right angle

Etymology 2

Derived from the genitive of rist.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈristi/

Noun

risti (genitive risti, partitive ristit)

  1. (card games) clubs
Declension
Inflection of risti (ÕS type 16/pere, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative risti ristid
accusative risti ristid
genitive risti ristide
partitive ristit ristisid
illative risti
ristisse		 ristidesse
inessive ristis ristides
elative ristist ristidest
allative ristile ristidele
adessive ristil ristidel
ablative ristilt ristidelt
translative ristiks ristideks
terminative ristini ristideni
essive ristina ristidena
abessive ristita ristideta
comitative ristiga ristidega

Finnish
FWOTD – 18 April 2020

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈristi/, [ˈris̠t̪i]
  • Rhymes: -isti
  • Syllabification(key): ris‧ti

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old East Slavic крьстъ (krĭstŭ, “cross”).

Further etymology

Noun

risti

  1. cross (shape)
    1. (Christianity) cross, crucifix
      Synonym: krusifiksi
    2. cross (execution device)
      Synonym: ristinpuu
    3. (typography) dagger (†)
    4. (card games) clubs, club
  2. (music, informal) sharp (symbol ♯ in notation)
    Synonyms: ylennysmerkki, ylennys (informal), korotusmerkki (rare)
  3. (anatomy) Clipping of ristiselkä (“small of the back”, of animals).
Usage notes

Risti typically refers to a horizontal cross (+). For the tilted symbol (x), see rasti and its synonyms.

Declension
Inflection of risti (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative risti ristit
genitive ristin ristien
partitive ristiä ristejä
illative ristiin risteihin
singular plural
nominative risti ristit
accusative nom. risti ristit
gen. ristin
genitive ristin ristien
partitive ristiä ristejä
inessive ristissä risteissä
elative rististä risteistä
illative ristiin risteihin
adessive ristillä risteillä
ablative ristiltä risteiltä
allative ristille risteille
essive ristinä risteinä
translative ristiksi risteiksi
instructive — ristein
abessive ristittä risteittä
comitative — risteineen
Possessive forms of risti (type risti)
possessor singular plural
1st person ristini ristimme
2nd person ristisi ristinne
3rd person ristinsä
Derived terms
Compounds
compounds

Verb

risti

  1. third-person singular past indicative of ristiä
  2. present active indicative connegative of ristiä
  3. second-person singular present imperative of ristiä
  4. second-person singular present active imperative connegative of ristiä

References
  • Kallio, Petri (2006). On the Earliest Slavic Loanwords in Finnic. In Slavica Helsingiensia 27. Helsinki. →ISBN.

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic крьстъ (krĭstŭ), from Proto-Slavic *krьstъ. Cognates include Finnish risti and Estonian rist.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈristi/, [ˈris̠tʲ]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈristi/, [ˈriʃti]
  • Rhymes: -isti
  • Hyphenation: ris‧ti

Noun

risti

  1. cross
  2. (card games) clubs

Declension
Declension of risti (type 5/vahti, st-ss gradation)
singular plural
nominative risti rissit
genitive rissin ristiin, ristilöin
partitive ristiä ristijä, ristilöjä
illative ristii ristii, ristilöihe
inessive rissiis ristiis, ristilöis
elative rissist ristiist, ristilöist
allative rissille ristiille, ristilöille
adessive rissiil ristiil, ristilöil
ablative rissilt ristiilt, ristilöilt
translative rissiks ristiiks, ristilöiks
essive ristinnä, ristiin ristiinnä, ristilöinnä, ristiin, ristilöin
exessive1) ristint ristiint, ristilöint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

References
  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 62
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 480

Karelian
Regional variants of risti
North Karelian
(Viena)		 risti
South Karelian
(Tver)		 risti

Etymology

Ultimately from Old East Slavic крьстъ (krĭstŭ). Cognates include Finnish risti and Estonian rist.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈrisʲtʲi/
  • Hyphenation: ris‧ti

Noun

risti (genitive rissin, partitive ristie)

  1. cross

Declension
Viena Karelian declension of risti (type 2/risti, st-ss gradation)
singular plural
nominative risti rissit
genitive rissin ristien
partitive ristie ristijä
illative ristih ristilöih
inessive rississä ristilöissä
elative rissistä ristilöistä
adessive rissillä ristilöillä
ablative rissiltä ristilöiltä
translative rissiksi ristilöiksi
essive ristinä ristilöinä
comitative — ristilöineh
comitative rissittä ristilöittä
Tver Karelian declension of risti (type 2/risti, st-ss gradation)
singular plural
nominative risti rissit
genitive rissin ristilöin
partitive ristie ristilöidä
illative ristih ristilöih
inessive rississä ristilöissä
elative rissistä ristilöistä
adessive rissillä ristilöillä
ablative rissildä ristilöildä
translative rissiksi ristilöiksi
essive ristinä ristilöinä
comitative rissinke ristilöinke
comitative rissittä ristilöittä
Possessive forms of risti
1st person ristini
2nd person ristis
3rd person ristih
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References
  • A. V. Punzhina (1994), “ris't'i”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
  • P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015), “крест”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN

Lithuanian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈrʲɪsʲtʲɪ]

Verb

rìsti (third-person present tense rìta, third-person past tense rìto) [1]

  1. (transitive) to roll
    akmenį risti[1] - to roll a stone
  2. (transitive) to overthrow

Conjugation
Conjugation of risti
singular
(vienaskaita)		 plural
(daugiskaita)
1st person
(pirmasis asmuo)		 2nd person
(antrasis asmuo)		 3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo)		 1st person
(pirmasis asmuo)		 2nd person
(antrasis asmuo)		 3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo)
aš tu jis/ji mes jūs jie/jos
indicative
(tiesioginė
nuosaka)		 present
(esamasis laikas)		 ritu riti rita ritame,
ritam		 ritate,
ritat		 rita
past
(būtasis kartinis
laikas)		 ritau ritai rito ritome,
ritom		 ritote,
ritot		 rito
past frequentative
(būtasis dažninis
laikas)		 risdavau risdavai risdavo risdavome,
risdavom		 risdavote,
risdavot		 risdavo
future
(būsimasis laikas)		 risiu risi riss risime,
risim		 risite,
risit		 riss
subjunctive
(tariamoji nuosaka)		 risčiau ristum,
ristumei		 ristų ristumėme,
ristumėm,
ristume		 ristumėte,
ristumėt		 ristų
imperative
(liepiamoji nuosaka)		 — risk,
riski		 terita,
teritie		 riskime,
riskim		 riskite,
riskit		 terita,
teritie
Participles of risti
Adjectival (dalyviai)
active passive
present ritąs, ritantis ritamas
past ritęs ristas
past frequentative risdavęs —
future risiąs, risiantis risimas
participle of necessity — ristinas
Adverbial
special (pusdalyvis) risdamas
half-participle
(padalyviai)		 present ritant
past ritus
past frequentative risdavus
future risiant
manner of action (būdinys) riste, ristinai

Synonyms

Derived terms
verbs derived from risti
  • (reflexive) ristis
  • išristi
    • (reflexive) išsiristi
  • paristi
  • parristi
    • (reflexive) parsiristi
  • užristi
nouns derived from risti
  • ritimas m
verbs related to risti
nouns related to risti
  • ritinys m

References
  1. “risti” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954), Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.
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