e-
English
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /ɛ-/
Prefix
e-
- Used to form adjectives with the sense of something being lacking or removed.
- Synonym: ex-
Etymology 2
Abbreviation of electronic.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i-/
Prefix
e-
- In an electronic form, usually and especially computerized and digital; often in association with the Internet.
- Coordinate term: i- (“Internet”)
Usage notes
This practice began with E-mail in June 1979. The first usage of E-mail, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, occurred in the journal Electronics with reference to an initiative of the United States Postal Service (USPS) called Electronic Computer Originated Mail, which USPS abbreviated E-COM.
Many terms beginning with e- can be seen in both hyphenated (e.g. e-card) and unhyphenated (e.g., ecard) form, and sometimes – particularly in a business context – the letter following the e- will be capitalized (e.g., eBusiness or e-Business). In the present day, e- is generally used to indicate association with or transmission over the Internet. In proper names beginning with e-, the convention is generally to leave the e- lower-case, and to capitalize the second letter of the name (e.g., eBay). The e remains then lower-case when the name is used at the beginning of a sentence.
Derived terms
See also
- Appendix:American Dialect Society words of the year
Etymology 3
Abbreviation of emergency.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i-/
Derived terms
Etymology 4
Abbreviation of electric or electrical.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i-/
Prefix
e-
Derived terms
Etymology 5
Abbreviation of embedded.
Prefix
e-
- (electronics) Used to prefix items that are embedded into devices, instead of being discrete or removable elements.
References
- “e-, prefix2”, in OED Online
, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, January 2018; “e-”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
Cayuga
References
- Marianne Mithun; Reginald Henry (1982) Wadęwayę́stanih - A Cayuga Teaching Grammar, 3rd edition, Woodland Cultural Centre, published 2015, page 66
Chuukese
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /eː/, [eː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /e/, [ɛː]
Prefix
ē-
- Alternative form of ex- (combining with b-, d-, g-, j-, l-, m-, n-, r-, and v-initial words).
Derived terms
Northern Ndebele
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
e-
- Class 4 relative concord.
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
e-
- Class 9 relative concord.
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
e-
- Class 9 adjective concord.
Old Irish
See also
See Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns for details on how these forms are used.
Note that the so-called “infixed” pronouns are technically prefixes, but they are never the first prefix in a verbal complex.
Person | Infixed | Suffixed | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Class A | Class B | Class C | ||
1 sing. | m-L | dom-L, dam-L | -um | |
2 sing. | t-L | dot-L, dat-L, dut-L, dit-L | -ut | |
3 sing. m. | a-N, e-N | d-N | id-N, did-N, d-N | -i, -it |
3 sing. f. | s-(N) | da- | -us | |
3 sing. n. | a-L, e-L | d-L | id-L, did-L, d-L | -i, -it |
1 pl. | n- | don-, dun-, dan- | -unn | |
2 pl. | b- | dob-, dub-, dab- | -uib | |
3 pl. | s-(N) | da- | -us | |
L means this form triggers lenition. N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis) (N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others. |
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛ/, /i/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛ
Derived terms
Portuguese
Southern Ndebele
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
e-
- Class 4 relative concord.
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
e-
- Class 9 relative concord.
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
e-
- Class 9 adjective concord.
Swedish
Etymology 1
From Old Norse æ, from Proto-Germanic *aiwi (“forever”), Proto-Germanic *aiwaz.
Prefix
e-
Derived terms
Related terms
Etymology 2
From English e-, shortening of electronic.
Derived terms
Xhosa
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
e-
- Class 4 relative concord.
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
e-
- Class 9 relative concord.
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Usage notes
This prefix is used with nouns of all classes except 1(a) and 2(a). Usually, it occurs in the form of the circumfix e- -ini, but certain nouns have only the prefix. When affixed to a class 11 noun in u-, it changes to elu-. Also when affixed to a class 10 noun in iin-, iim-, ii-, it also changes to ezin-, ezim-, ezi-.
Zou
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ə˧/
Derived terms
References
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 81
Zulu
Prefix
ḗ-
- Class 4 relative concord.
Prefix
ḗ-
- Class 9 relative concord.
Etymology 3
Possibly related to Rwanda-Rundi i.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Usage notes
This prefix is used with nouns of all classes except 1(a) and 2(a). Usually, it occurs in the form of the circumfix e- -ini, but certain nouns have only the prefix. When affixed to a class 5 noun beginning in ī-, it is lengthened to ē-, and when affixed to a class 11 noun in ū-, it is lengthened and also changes to ō-. It takes on the tone of whichever prefix it replaces.
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “e-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “e-”