See also:
U+91D8, 釘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91D8

[U+91D7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+91D9]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 167, +2, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金一弓 (CMN), four-corner 81120, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1296, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40159
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1799, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4169, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+91D8

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *teːŋ, *teːŋs) : semantic (metal) + phonetic (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).

Some theorize that (OC *teːŋ) originally meant “nail”. After subsequently losing this original meaning, the character was created to represent “nail” with the semantic element (“metal”) added.

Etymology 1

Related to (OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Pronunciation 2 is a denominal verb derivation of pronunciation 1.

“to die”
Short for 釘蓋钉盖.

Pronunciation 1

trad.
simp.
2nd round simp.


Note:
  • deng1 - vernacular;
  • ding1 - literary (rare).
Note: iang1-4 - standalone noun.
Note:
  • tan - vernacular;
  • teng - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (5)
Final () (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/teŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/teŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɛŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tɛjŋ/
Li
Rong
/teŋ/
Wang
Li
/tieŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tieŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ding1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dīng
Middle
Chinese
‹ teng ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁeŋ/
English nail (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 2379
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*teːŋ/
Definitions

  1. (obsolete, rare) gold slab
  2. nail (spike-shaped fastener)
  3. body piercing
       dǎ shédīng   to get a tongue piercing
  4. to monitor
  5. Alternative form of (dīng, “to keep eyes on; to stare at”).
  6. Alternative form of (dīng, “to sting; to bite”).
  7. (literary) lamp
Compounds
  • 吃釘子吃钉子
  • 吃釘板吃钉板
  • 命釘命钉
  • 咬釘嚼鐵咬钉嚼铁
  • 圖釘图钉 (túdīng)
  • 埋釘子埋钉子
  • 安釘子安钉子
  • 打補釘打补钉
  • 拔釘鎚拔钉锤
  • 撞釘子撞钉子
  • 斬釘截鐵斩钉截铁 (zhǎndīngjiétiě)
  • 木螺釘木螺钉
  • 橡皮釘子橡皮钉子
  • 玉釘玉钉
  • 釘鈴鐺鋃钉铃铛锒
  • 釘錘钉锤
  • 釘鞋钉鞋
  • 釘頭钉头 (dīngtóu)
  • 釘頭文字钉头文字
  • 釘頭果钉头果
  • 釘齒耙钉齿耙 (dīngchǐpá)
  • 鉚釘铆钉 (mǎodīng)
  • 鉸釘铰钉
  • 鐵釘铁钉
  • 長命釘长命钉
  • 關了釘兒关了钉儿
  • 雞爪釘鸡爪钉

Pronunciation 2

trad.
simp.


Note:
  • deng1 - vernacular;
  • ding1 - literary (rare).
Note:
  • tàn - vernacular (chiefly used in Quanzhou);
  • tèng - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (5)
Final () (125)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/teŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/teŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɛŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tɛjŋH/
Li
Rong
/teŋH/
Wang
Li
/tieŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tieŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ding3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dìng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tengH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁeŋ-s/
English nail (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 2393
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*teːŋs/
Definitions

  1. to nail; to staple
  2. to sew on
    扣子扣子   dìng kòuzo   to sew on a button
  3. (Cantonese, slang) to die
  4. (obsolete, rare) gold
Synonyms
  • (to die):
Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see 𠄖.
(This character, , is a variant form of 𠄖.)

References


Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
くぎ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. First cited to the Man'yōshu of circa 759 CE, with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 久枳.[1] From Proto-Japonic *kunki.

Noun

(くぎ) (kugi) 

  1. a nail; a spike made of metal or hard material used to stick something
    (くぎ)()
    kugi o utsu
    to drive in a nail

Derived terms

References

  1. ”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten) (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(jeong) (hangeul , revised jeong, McCuneReischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: đinh, đanh, đính, đĩnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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