簡

See also: 简
簡 U+7C21, 簡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7C21
← 簠
[U+7C20] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 簢 →
[U+7C22]

Translingual

Han character

簡 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+12, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹日弓日 (HANA), four-corner 88227, composition ⿱𥫗間)

  • 𥳑 (Kangxi dictionary form)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 901, character 28
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26520
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1325, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3017, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+7C21

Chinese
trad. 簡
simp. 简
2nd round simp. 𫈉
alternative forms 𥳑
柬

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (閒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
間 *kreːn, *kreːns
簡 *kreːnʔ
澗 *kreːns, *kraːns
鐧 *kreːns, *kraːns
蕑 *kreːn
覵 *kreːn, *kreːns, *pkrenʔ
襉 *kreːnʔ, *kreːns
僩 *kreːnʔ, *ɡraːnʔ
鬜 *kʰreːn, *kʰraːn, *kʰreːd
癇 *ɡreːn
瞯 *ɡreːn
憪 *ɡreːn, *ɡraːnʔ
橌 *ɡraːnʔ
撊 *ɡraːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kreːnʔ) : semantic 竹 + phonetic 間／间 (OC *ɡreːn)

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 簡
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 山 (73)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古限切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠɛnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚænX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kəɨnX/
Li
Rong		 /kɛnX/
Wang
Li		 /kænX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kănX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gaan2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 簡 簡
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiǎn jiǎn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kɛnX › ‹ kɛnX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kˁre[n]ʔ/ /*kˁre[n]ʔ/
English bamboo slip for writing select, large-minded, etc.

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 簡
Reading # 1/1
No. 6227
Phonetic
component		 閒
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 簡
Old
Chinese		 /*kreːnʔ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sinitic *zʲam.

Definitions

簡

  1. bamboo slip
  2. letter; epistle
  3. simple; uncomplicated
  4. terse; succinct; pithy; concise; brief; to the point
  5. to simplify
  6. to treat coldly; to give the cold-shoulder; to neglect
  7. to select; to choose; to pick
  8. a surname: Jian
Synonyms
  • (letter):
Synonyms of 簡
  • (simple):
  • (terse):
  • (to simplify):
  • (to treat coldly):
  • (to select):
Synonyms of 簡
Antonyms
  • (simple): 繁 (fán)
Compounds
Derived terms from 簡

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English Jane.

Definitions

簡

  1. A transliteration of the English female given name Jane

Japanese

Kanji
簡

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. simple
  2. terse, brief, succinct

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
簡
かん
Grade: 6
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 簡 (MC kˠɛnX).

Pronunciation

Adjective

簡(かん) • (kan) -na (adnominal 簡(かん)な (kan na), adverbial 簡(かん)に (kan ni))

  1. brief; simple
Inflection
Inflection of 簡
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 簡だろ かんだろ kan daro
Continuative (連用形) 簡で かんで kan de
Terminal (終止形) 簡だ かんだ kan da
Attributive (連体形) 簡な かんな kan na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 簡なら かんなら kan nara
Imperative (命令形) 簡であれ かんであれ kan de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 簡ではない
簡じゃない		 かんではない
かんじゃない		 kan de wa nai
kan ja nai
Informal past 簡だった かんだった kan datta
Informal negative past 簡ではなかった
簡じゃなかった		 かんではなかった
かんじゃなかった		 kan de wa nakatta
kan ja nakatta
Formal 簡です かんです kan desu
Formal negative 簡ではありません
簡じゃありません		 かんではありません
かんじゃありません		 kan de wa arimasen
kan ja arimasen
Formal past 簡でした かんでした kan deshita
Formal negative past 簡ではありませんでした
簡じゃありませんでした		 かんではありませんでした
かんじゃありませんでした		 kan de wa arimasen deshita
kan ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 簡で かんで kan de
Conditional 簡なら（ば） かんなら（ば） kan nara (ba)
Provisional 簡だったら かんだったら kan dattara
Volitional 簡だろう かんだろう kan darō
Adverbial 簡に かんに kan ni
Degree 簡さ かんさ kansa

Noun

簡(かん) • (kan) 

  1. brevity; simplicity

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
簡
ふだ
Grade: 6
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 簡 – see ふだ.
(This term, 簡, is an alternative spelling of the above terms.)

(The following entry is uncreated: ふだ.)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 簡 (MC kˠɛnX). Recorded as Middle Korean 간〯 (kǎn) (Yale: kǎn) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation
  • (simple; concise; etc.):
  • (in 간이 (簡易, gani)):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [간(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
  • (letter; to select; etc.):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [간(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource 簡 (eumhun 대쪽 간 (daejjok gan))

  1. Hanja form? of 간 (“simple; uncomplicated”).
  2. Hanja form? of 간 (“concise; brief”).
  3. Hanja form? of 간 (“letter; epistle”).
  4. Hanja form? of 간 (“to select; to choose; to pick”).

Compounds
Compounds
  • 간단 (簡單, gandan)
  • 간결 (簡潔, gan'gyeol)
  • 간이 (簡易, gani)
  • 간독 (簡牘, gandok)
  • 간략 (簡略, gallyak)
  • 서간 (書簡, seogan)
  • 간편 (簡便, ganpyeon)
  • 간찰 (簡札, ganchal)
  • 간택 (簡擇, gantaek)
  • 간소 (簡素, ganso)
  • 간서 (簡書, ganseo)
  • 간약 (簡約, ganyak)
  • 간고 (簡古, gan'go)
  • 간지 (簡紙, ganji)
  • 간법 (簡法, ganbeop)
  • 간만 (簡慢, ganman)
  • 간요 (簡要, ganyo)
  • 간출 (簡出, ganchul)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

簡: Hán Nôm readings: giản, dẳng, dớn, giỡn, nhởn, dần, dẵng, giảm, giằn

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