joka

joka

1. Short form of jokatu.

From Proto-Finnic *jo- (pronominal stem), from Proto-Finno-Permic *jo. The nominative and genitive singular forms, which would have otherwise been monosyllabic, have been extended with -ka (as with kuka and mikä). Related to Karelian joka, Votic jõka, Northern Sami juogọ, Erzya юза тоза (juza toza) and Eastern Mari юж (ûž).

• IPA^(key): /ˈjokɑ/, [ˈjo̞kɑ]
• Rhymes: -okɑ
• Syllabification^(key): jo‧ka

joka

1. (relative) who, which, that

• As a relative pronoun, joka tends to refer only to the previous word or phrase, as opposed to a whole clause (like mikä). In colloquial usage, this distinction is usually not as clear-cut.

  Ostin uuden puhelimen, joka on toiminut hyvin.

  I bought a new phone that has been working well. ("that" refers to the phone)

  Ostin uuden puhelimen, mikä oli ihan hyvä kokemus.

  I bought a new phone, which was quite a good experience. ("which" refers to the purchase)

• In Eastern Finnish dialects, the indeclinable stem -ka is used and, thus, the pronoun forms with -ka can occur in standard Finnish on occasion, but it is colloquial or dialectal:

• joidenka, jotenka, joihinka, jonneka etc.

Irregular. Some cases are practically never used. The conjunction jos is the lative singular of this pronoun.

joka

1. every, each

   Hän käy lenkillä joka päivä.

   She goes jogging every day.

   joka kerta ― every time

   joka puolella/puolelta/puolelle, joka paikassa/paikasta/paikkaan ― everywhere

   joka tapauksessa ― in any case, at any rate

   joka toinen vuosi ― every two years, biannually

• jokainen (close in meaning)

• jako, kajo, koja

joka

1. to flow

   chibima jokangenga

   The river is flowing away

joka

1. break

• jokko

From Proto-Finnic *joka. Cognates include Finnish joka and Karelian joka.

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈjokɑ/, [ˈjo̞kɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈjokɑ/, [ˈjo̞ɡ̊ɑ]
• Rhymes: -okɑ
• Hyphenation: jo‧ka

joka (invariable)

1. every, each
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 49:

     Joka paikaas flakut, väki.

     Everywhere there's flags, there's people

     (literally, “In every place flags, people.”)

   • 1936, L. G. Terehova; V. G. Erdeli, Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, transl., Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:

     No joka predmetan kupahain päivän pittuueel muuttuu.

     But the shadow of every object changes in length during the day.

   joka päivä ― every day

• ikä

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 105
• Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎, →ISBN, page 79

joka m

1. genitive singular form of joks

ji- (“augmentative”) +‎ nyoka (“snake”)

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joka (ma class, plural majoka)

1. Augmentative of nyoka: serpent (big snake)