mikä

See also: mika and Mika

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *mi, from Proto-Uralic *mi. The nominative and genitive singular forms, which would have otherwise been monosyllabic, have been extended with -kä (as with joka and kuka), possibly even in Proto-Finnic (*mikä), as reflected in Ingrian mikä and Voro miä. Other cognates include Estonian mis, Veps mi, Erzya мезе (meze), мень (menʹ), Hungarian mi.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmikæ/, [ˈmikæ]
  • Rhymes: -ikæ
  • Syllabification(key): mi‧kä

Pronoun

mikä (stem mi-)

  1. (interrogative) which, what.
  2. (indefinite) whatever.
  3. (relative) which, that, what.

Usage notes

  • (relative) Mikä is used to refer to a whole sentence (1), a superlative or a noun modified by a superlative (2) or a pronoun not referring to a person (3):
  • (1) Kaikki menikin lopulta hyvin, mikä oli suuri helpotus.
    Ultimately, everything went well which was a great relief.
  • (2) Se on parasta, mitä minulle on koskaan tapahtunut.
    It/That is the best that has ever happened to me.
  • (2) Se on paras elokuva, minkä (~jonka) olen koskaan nähnyt.
    It/That is the best film that I have ever seen.
  • (3) Hän todisti sen, mikä oli todistettavissa.
    He proved what was provable.
  • (3) Hän todisti kaiken, mikä oli todistettavissa.
    He proved everything that was provable.

Determiner

mikä

  1. (interrogative) what, which

Inflection

  • Irregular. Some cases are never used.

Synonyms

  • (relative): mi (archaic, poetic)

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams


Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *mikä, from Proto-Uralic *mi. Cognates include Estonian mis and Finnish mikä.

Pronunciation

  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈmikæ/, [ˈmikæ]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈmikæ/, [ˈmiɡ̊æ]
  • Rhymes: -ikæ
  • Hyphenation: mi‧kä

Pronoun

mikä

  1. (interrogative) what?
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 42:
      Mikä ono, arvatkaa?
      What is it, guess?
  2. (indefinite) whatever
  3. (relative) which, that, what
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 52:
      Möö määmmä sitä teetä, minen näytti meille Lenin.
      We follow this way, which Lenin showed us.

Declension

Declension of mikä
singular plural
nominative mikä mit
genitive minen
partitive mitä
illative mihe
inessive mis
elative mist
allative mille
adessive mil
ablative milt
translative miks
essive minennä
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)

Derived terms

References

  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 100
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 309
  • Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку, →ISBN, page 73

Votic

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *mikä, from Proto-Uralic *mi.

Pronunciation

  • (Luuditsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈmikæ/, [ˈmikæ]
  • Rhymes: -ikæ
  • Hyphenation: mi‧kä

Pronoun

mikä

  1. (interrogative) what
  2. (relative) which, that, what
  3. (indefinite) something, whatever

Determiner

mikä

  1. Synonym of milläin (what kind of, which)

Inflection

Inflection of mikä
singular plural
nominative mikä migäd
genitive migä
accusative migä
partitive mitä
illative migäse
inessive migäz
elative migässe
allative migäle
migälle
adessive migälle
migäll
ablative migälte
translative migässi
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.
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