Irak
English
Albanian
Central Huasteca Nahuatl
Danish
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iˈrɑk/
Audio (file)
Faroese
Declension
Singular | |
Indefinite | |
Nominative | Irak |
Accusative | Irak |
Dative | Iraki |
Genitive | Iraks |
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈirɑk/, [ˈirɑk]
- Rhymes: -irɑk
- Syllabification(key): I‧rak
Declension
Inflection of Irak (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | Irak | — | |
genitive | Irakin | — | |
partitive | Irakia | — | |
illative | Irakiin | — | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | Irak | — | |
accusative | nom. | Irak | — |
gen. | Irakin | ||
genitive | Irakin | — | |
partitive | Irakia | — | |
inessive | Irakissa | — | |
elative | Irakista | — | |
illative | Irakiin | — | |
adessive | Irakilla | — | |
ablative | Irakilta | — | |
allative | Irakille | — | |
essive | Irakina | — | |
translative | Irakiksi | — | |
instructive | — | — | |
abessive | Irakitta | — | |
comitative | — | — |
Possessive forms of Irak (type paperi) | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | singular | plural |
1st person | Irakini | Irakimme |
2nd person | Irakisi | Irakinne |
3rd person | Irakinsa |
Derived terms
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i.ʁak/
Audio (file)
Derived terms
See also
- (countries of Asia) pays d'Asie; Afghanistan, Arabie saoudite, Arménie, Azerbaïdjan, Bahreïn, Bangladesh, Bhoutan, Birmanie, Brunei, Cambodge, Chine, Chypre, Corée du Nord, Corée du Sud, Émirats arabes unis, Géorgie, Inde, Indonésie, Iran, Irak, Israël, Japon, Jordanie, Kazakhstan, Kirghizistan, Koweït, Laos, Liban, Malaisie, Maldives, Mongolie, Népal, Oman, Ouzbékistan, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Russie, Singapour, Sri Lanka, Syrie, Tadjikistan, Thaïlande, Timor oriental, Turquie, Turkménistan, Vietnam, Yémen (Category: fr:Countries in Asia)
German
Alternative forms
- Erack (obsolete)
- Irack (obsolete)
- Jerack (in Fraktur with a single type J for I and J; obsolete)
Etymology
Borrowed from Arabic اَلْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iˈʁaːk/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -aːk
Proper noun
Irak m or n (proper noun, strong, genitive Iraks or Irak, plural Irak)
- Iraq (a country in Western Asia)
- (Can we date this quote?), Siegfried Auermann, Germanen und Wikinger. Wikingerfahrten, Normanenreiche, Runenkunde, Reinhard Welz Vermittler Verlag Mannheim e.K., page 101:
- Dreißig Jahre nachher fuhren ſie auf Strömen und über Land in das Kaſpische Meer hinein, ſpäter drangen ſie gar bis nach Aserbeidſchan und in das Irak vor.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1821, Friedrich Chriſtoph Schloſſer, Weltgeſchichte in zuſammenhängender Erzählung. Dritten Bandes erſter Theil, page 82:
- Auch mit ſeinem Halbbruder Mohammed mußte er hernach theilen h); dieſer behielt Aderbidſchan und ihm ſelbst blieb nur die Herrſchaft des Oſtens und die Oberlehnsherrſchaft über beide Irak.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 1824, Joſeph von Hammer, Motenebbi, der größte arabiſche Dichter, page XXIX:
- Motenebbi hatte zwar ſelbst nach ſeiner Trennung von Seifeddewlet desſelben in mittelbarem und unmittelbarem Lobe gedacht, aber er fühlte ſich doch nicht mehr an deſſen Hof hingezogen, und begab ſich nun an den des großen Fürſten der Dynaſtie Bujeh, Adhad-ed-dewlet, welcher die beyden Irak (das arabiſche und perſiſche) beherrſchte, und wechſelweiſe in den Hauptſtädten dieſer beyden Länder, zu Schiraſ und Bagdad, reſidierte.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- (Can we date this quote?), Siegfried Auermann, Germanen und Wikinger. Wikingerfahrten, Normanenreiche, Runenkunde, Reinhard Welz Vermittler Verlag Mannheim e.K., page 101:
Usage notes
- The word is sometimes used without a definite article as in English: Irak, in Irak. In this case, the genitive is always Iraks, for example Iraks Hauptstadt – "Iraq's capital".
- More commonly, however, the definite article is used with the name: der Irak, im Irak. In this case, the genitive usually is des Irak, although des Iraks is also correct: die Hauptstadt des Irak(s) – "the capital of Iraq".
- The plural refers to the Arabian or Arab Iraq and the Persian Iraq.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈirɒk]
- Hyphenation: Irak
- Rhymes: -ɒk
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | Irak | — |
accusative | Irakot | — |
dative | Iraknak | — |
instrumental | Irakkal | — |
causal-final | Irakért | — |
translative | Irakká | — |
terminative | Irakig | — |
essive-formal | Irakként | — |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | Irakban | — |
superessive | Irakon | — |
adessive | Iraknál | — |
illative | Irakba | — |
sublative | Irakra | — |
allative | Irakhoz | — |
elative | Irakból | — |
delative | Irakról | — |
ablative | Iraktól | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
Iraké | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
Irakéi | — |
Possessive forms of Irak | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | Irakom | — |
2nd person sing. | Irakod | — |
3rd person sing. | Irakja | — |
1st person plural | Irakunk | — |
2nd person plural | Irakotok | — |
3rd person plural | Irakjuk | — |
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutch Irak, from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq, “Iraq”), of uncertain derivation. Medieval Arabic uses ‘Iraq’ as a geographical term for the area in the south and center of the modern Iraq. Some Arabic sources say that Iraq comes from عَرِيق (ʕarīq, “deep-rooted”), from عِرْق (ʕirq, “root”), while others say it is from Middle Persian's Middle Persian ˀl'k' (/erāg/, “lowlands”), due to historic rule from Iraq's plateau-situated neighbor, Persia.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈirak̚]
- Hyphenation: I‧rak
See also
- (countries of Asia) negara-negara di Asia; Afganistan, Arab Saudi, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Filipina, India, Indonesia, Irak, Iran, Israel, Jepang, Kamboja, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Korea Selatan, Korea Utara, Kuwait, Laos, Libanon, Maladewa, Malaysia, Mesir, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestina, Qatar, Rusia, Singapura, Siprus, Sri Lanka, Suriah, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor Leste, Tiongkok, Turki, Turkmenistan, Uni Emirat Arab, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Yaman, Yordania
Further reading
- “Irak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Norwegian Bokmål
Norwegian Nynorsk
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈi.rak/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -irak
- Syllabification: I‧rak
Declension
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ǐraːk/
- Hyphenation: I‧rak
Declension
singular | |
---|---|
nominative | Ìrāk |
genitive | Iráka |
dative | Iraku |
accusative | Irak |
vocative | Irake |
locative | Iraku |
instrumental | Irakom |
Slovak
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈirak]
Proper noun
Irak m (genitive singular Iraku, declension pattern of dub)
- Iraq (a country in Western Asia)
Declension
Derived terms
- Iračan m
- Iračanka f
- iracký
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iráːk/
Inflection
Masculine inan., hard o-stem | ||
---|---|---|
nominative | Irák | |
genitive | Iráka | |
singular | ||
nominative (imenovȃlnik) |
Irák | |
genitive (rodȋlnik) |
— | |
dative (dajȃlnik) |
— | |
accusative (tožȋlnik) |
— | |
locative (mẹ̑stnik) |
Iráku | |
instrumental (orọ̑dnik) |
Irákom |
Spanish
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iˈɾak/ [iˈɾak]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ak
- Syllabification: I‧rak
Usage notes
The definite article is optional when referring to Iraq's exonym in Spanish (i.e. el Iraq). In writing, it tends to be preceded by the definite article when spelt with a 'q' and tends to lack the article when spelt with a 'k' although this may vary regionally.
Swedish
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: I‧rak
- IPA(key): /ʔiˈɾak/, [ʔɪˈɾak]
Turkish
Picture dictionary | |
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|
Etymology
Inherited from Ottoman Turkish عراق (“low country along a river, especially the Tigris”), from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɯːɾɑk/
- Hyphenation: I‧rak
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | Irak | Iraklar / Irak'lar |
accusative | Irak'ı | Irakları / Irak'ları |
dative | Irak'a | Iraklara / Irak'lara |
locative | Irak'ta | Iraklarda / Irak'larda |
ablative | Irak'tan | Iraklardan / Irak'lardan |
genitive | Irak'ın | Irakların / Irak'ların |
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
benim (my) | Irak'ım | Iraklarım / Irak'larım |
senin (your) | Irak'ın | Irakların / Irak'ların |
onun (his/her/its) | Irak'ı | Irakları / Irak'ları |
bizim (our) | Irak'ımız | Iraklarımız / Irak'larımız |
sizin (your) | Irak'ınız | Iraklarınız / Irak'larınız |
onların (their) | Irak'ı / Irakları / Irak'ları | Irakları / Irak'ları |
Derived terms
See also
- (countries of Asia) Asya ülkesi; Afganistan, Azerbaycan, Bahreyn, Bangladeş, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri, Bruney, Butan, Çin, Doğu Timor, Endonezya, Ermenistan, Filistin, Filipinler, Güney Kore, Gürcistan, Hindistan, Irak, İran, İsrail, Japonya, Kamboçya, Katar, Kazakistan, Kıbrıs, Kuveyt, Kuzey Kore, Kırgızistan, Laos, Lübnan, Maldivler, Malezya, Mısır, Moğolistan, Myanmar, Nepal, Özbekistan, Pakistan, Rusya, Singapur, Sri Lanka, Suriye, Suudi Arabistan, Tacikistan, Tayland, Tayvan, Türkiye, Türkmenistan, Umman, Ürdün, Vietnam, Yemen
References
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “عراق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1292