-kki

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-kkei, cognate with Estonian -k(i), Erzya -ке (-ke). Equivalent to -kka + -i, and originally allomorphic with some uses of -kko (see -o).

Suffix

-kki

  1. Creates action nouns from verbs.
    levikki (circulation of a newspaper), from levitä (to spread)
    menekki (sales, demand), from mennä (kaupaksi) (to sell)
    hävikki (loss (accounting)), from hävitä (to disappear. lose)
  2. Creates diminutive nouns from verb that indicate the object of an action.
    ajokki (vehicle), from ajaa (to drive)
    hoidokki (patient), from hoitaa (to care)
    lemmikki (pet), from lempiä (to love)
  3. Creates nouns that indicate similarity, allegory or diminutiveness. The relationship is sometimes obscure.
    valokki, from valo (light)
    hanhikki, from hanhi (goose)
    punikki (socialist (derogatory)), from punainen (red)
    seitikki (webcap), from seitti (gossamer, fine thread)
    tyräkki
  4. Creates female given names, especially for cows.
    Ainokki, from ainoa (only)
    Mielikki, from mieliä (to desire)
    Mustikki, from musta (black)
    Sarvikki, from sarvi (horn)
    Tuulikki, from tuuli (wind)

Usage notes

In some cases the usage is largely synonymous with -kko. As an example, the noun asukki (inhabitant, often unwanted or temporary one) from the verb asua (to live in) might as well be asukko.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -kki

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-kkei. Cognates include Finnish -kki and Estonian -k.

Pronunciation

Suffix

-kki

  1. Used to form nouns from verbs denoting an object of the action.
    söövvä (eat) + -kkisöökki (nutrition)

Declension

Declension of -kki (type 5/vahti, kk-k gradation)
singular plural
nominative -kki -kit
genitive -kin -kkiin, -kkilöin
partitive -kkiä -kkijä, -kkilöjä
illative -kkii -kkii, -kkilöihe
inessive -kis -kkiis, -kkilöis
elative -kist -kkiist, -kkilöist
allative -kille -kkiille, -kkilöille
adessive -kil -kkiil, -kkilöil
ablative -kilt -kkiilt, -kkilöilt
translative -kiks -kkiiks, -kkilöiks
essive -kkinnä, -kkiin -kkiinnä, -kkilöinnä, -kkiin, -kkilöin
exessive1) -kkint -kkiint, -kkilöint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

Ingrian terms suffixed with -kki

Sidamo

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /-kːi/

Determiner

-kki

  1. thy, your

See also

References

  • Kazuhiro Kawachi (2007) A grammar of Sidaama (Sidamo), a Cushitic language of Ethiopia, page 383
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