黨

黨 (Kangxi radical 203, 黑+8, 20 strokes, cangjie input 火月口田火 (FBRWF), four-corner 9033₁, composition ⿱𫩠黑)

• 儻, 𭍀, 𰋆, 𡤭, 𡿓, 戃, 攩, 灙, 𤣞, 曭, 𣎲, 欓, 爣, 𪼲, 㿩, 矘, 𥤗, 𡆊, 𥽻, 𫄗, 讜, 𨏻, 钂, 𩽳
• 䣣, 𧅗, 𥸈, 𪺌

• KangXi: page 1520, character 36
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48132
• Dae Jaweon: page 2055, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4750, character 5
• Unihan data for U+9EE8

Historical forms of the character 黨
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ) : phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 黑 (“black”) – black; dark.

The endoactive of 當 (OC *taːŋ, “to be equal of”), literally "that which is equal in rank" (Schuessler, 2007).

黨

1. community; fellow community member

   鄉黨／乡党  ―  xiāngdǎng  ―  neighbours; local community

   • 原思為之宰，與之粟九百，辭。子曰：「毋！以與爾鄰里鄉黨乎！」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     原思为之宰，与之粟九百，辞。子曰：“毋！以与尔邻里乡党乎！” [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE

     Yuán Sī wèi zhī zǎi, yǔ zhī sù jiǔbǎi, cí. Zǐyuē: “Wú! Yǐ yǔ ěr línlǐxiāngdǎng hū!” [Pinyin]

     Yuan Si being made governor of his town by the Master, he gave him nine hundred measures of grain, but Si declined them. The Master said, "Do not decline them. May you not give them away in the neighborhoods, hamlets, towns, and villages?"

2. gang; faction

   結黨／结党  ―  jiédǎng  ―  to form a faction

3. (politics) party

   政黨／政党  ―  zhèngdǎng  ―  political party

   自由黨／自由党  ―  Zìyóudǎng  ―  Liberal Party

   1. (for one-party states, in press releases or official media) the ruling party
      1. (chiefly Mainland China, specifically) the Communist Party of China

         黨的十八大／党的十八大  ―  Dǎng de Shíbā Dà  ―  The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China

         黨鐵／党铁 [Cantonese]  ―  dong² tit³ [Jyutping]  ―  The "Commie" MTR

      2. (Vietnam, specifically) Communist Party of Vietnam
      3. (Wa State, specifically) United Wa State Party
4. (used as suffix in Internet slang) a limited group or class of people, or a member of it

   標題黨／标题党  ―  biāotídǎng  ―  a person who writes articles or news using off-topic or misleading headlines; these kinds of people

5. a surname

Others:

• → Zhuang: dangj

Identified as an ancient Chu dialect word in Han Dynasty scholar Yang Xiong's Fangyan.

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-twaŋ (“to see; to show”), whence Tibetan མཐོང (mthong, “to see; to perceive”).

Alternatively, it may be of Austroasiatic origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *tiɲ ~ *təɲ (“to know”), whence Khmer ដឹង (dəng), Eastern Bru ດັງ (dáng) (Behr, 2008; Ye, 2014).

Perhaps related to 懂 (dǒng, “to understand”) (Schuessler, 2007).

黨

1. (ancient Chu dialect) to know

   • 法先王，順禮義，黨學者，然而不好言，不樂言，則必非誠士也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     法先王，顺礼义，党学者，然而不好言，不乐言，则必非诚士也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE

     Fǎxiānwáng, shùn lǐyì, dǎng xuézhě, rán'ér bù hào yán, bù lè yán, zé bì fēi chéngshì yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this example)

黨

1. Alternative form of 倘 (tǎng).

• “黨”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 党)

1. (political) party

• Go-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Kun: なかま (nakama, 黨)^{←なかま (nakama, historical)}; むら (mura, 黨)^{←むら (mura, historical)}

黨(とう) • (tō)  (kyūjitai, shinjitai 党)

1. Kyūjitai form of 党: political party

黨 (eumhun 무리 당 (muri dang))

1. Hanja form^? of 당 (“political party”).

• 여당 (與黨, yeodang, “ruling party”)
• 야당 (野黨, yadang, “opposition party”)

黨: Hán Nôm readings: đảng, đoảng

黨

1. chữ Hán form of đảng (“party”).