渡

See also: 疲
渡 U+6E21, 渡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E21
← 渠
[U+6E20] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 渢 →
[U+6E22]

Translingual

Han character

渡 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水戈廿水 (EITE), four-corner 30147, composition ⿰氵度)

Derived characters
  • 𪸁

References
  • KangXi: page 634, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17765
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1040, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1683, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+6E21

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 渡

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (庶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
褯 *zljaːɡs
遮 *tjaː
蔗 *tjaːɡs
鷓 *tjaːɡs
樜 *tjaːɡs, *hljaɡs
蟅 *tjaːɡs, *tjaːɡ
嗻 *tjaːɡs
鍍 *daː, *daːɡs
度 *daːɡs, *daːɡ
渡 *daːɡs
庶 *hljaɡs
剫 *daːɡ
踱 *daːɡ
喥 *daːɡ
謶 *tjaɡ
席 *ljaːɡ
蓆 *ljaːɡ
墌 *tjaːɡ
摭 *tjaːɡ
蹠 *tjaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *daːɡs) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 度 (OC *daːɡs, *daːɡ).

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Tibetan འདས ('das, “to pass over”).

Proto-Tai *daːᴮ (“river”) (whence Thai ท่า (tâa, “port; pier; quay”) and Zhuang dah (“river”)) is a loan from late Old Chinese (Schuessler, 2007).

The Austroasiatic synonym of 渡 is 濟 (OC *ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls, “to cross a river”).

Pronunciation

Note: dou6-2 - passenger ship tugged by a tugboat.
Rime
Character 渡
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒故切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /duoH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /duoH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /doH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dɔH/
Li
Rong		 /doH/
Wang
Li		 /duH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱuoH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 dou6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 渡
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ duH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[d]ˁak-s/
English to ford

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 渡
Reading # 1/1
No. 11903
Phonetic
component		 庶
Rime
group		 暮
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 渡
Old
Chinese		 /*daːɡs/

Definitions

渡

  1. to cross (a body of water)
  2. to ferry
  3. (figurative) to pull through (difficult times)
  4. ferry crossing
  5. (Hakka) to take; to bring along; to carry
  6. (Hakka) to look after; to take care of; to care for; to attend to

Compounds
Derived terms from 渡

Descendants
  • Proto-Tai: *daːᴮ (“river”)
    • Lao: ທ່າ (thā)
    • Lü: ᦑᦱᧈ (taa¹)
    • Shan: တႃႈ (tāa, “pier; shallow place in water”)
    • Thai: ท่า (tâa, “pier; port”)
    • Zhuang: dah (“river”)

Japanese

Kanji
渡

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. transit
  2. ford
  3. ferry
  4. cross
  5. import
  6. deliver
  7. diameter
  8. migrate

Readings

Korean

Hanja

渡 (eumhun 건널 도 (geonneol do))

  1. Hanja form? of 도 (“cross, ferry over”).
  2. Hanja form? of 도 (“ferry”).

Vietnamese

Han character

渡: Hán Nôm readings: đò, đác, độ, đạc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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