忠

See also: 中心
忠 U+5FE0, 忠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FE0
← 忟
[U+5FDF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 忡 →
[U+5FE1]

Translingual

Han character

忠 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 中心 (LP), four-corner 50336, composition ⿱中心)

Derived characters
  • 𠊞, 㥙, 𣷡, 𦜦, 䛱, 𨨩, 𩗻, 𢘑, 𢘗, 𡲦, 𫁑, 𨵖, 𬅇, 贒

References
  • KangXi: page 377, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10353
  • Dae Jaweon: page 704, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2273, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+5FE0

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 忠

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 忠
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (中) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
中 *tuŋ, *tuŋs
忠 *tuŋ
衷 *tuŋ, *tuŋs
忡 *tʰuŋ
浺 *tʰuŋ
盅 *tʰuŋ, *duŋ, *tjoŋ
种 *duŋ
沖 *duŋ
翀 *duŋ
仲 *duŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tuŋ) : phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Etymology

Cognate with Tibetan གཞུང་བ (gzhung ba, “to attend; to be heedful”). Perhaps the same word as 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 忠
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 東 (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 陟弓切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʈɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈiuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȶiuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈuwŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ȶiuŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ȶĭuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȶi̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zung1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 忠
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ trjuwng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*truŋ/
English loyal

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 忠
Reading # 1/1
No. 17408
Phonetic
component		 中
Rime
group		 終
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 中
Old
Chinese		 /*tuŋ/

Definitions

忠

  1. loyal; devoted; faithful
  2. loyalty; devotion; fidelity

Compounds
Derived terms from 忠

Japanese

Kanji
忠

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. loyalty

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Proper noun

忠(ただし) • (Tadashi) 

  1. a male given name

Korean

Hanja

忠 (eum 충 (chung))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

忠: Hán Nôm readings: trung, võ, vű

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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