丘

See also: 丠, 坵, and 兵

丘	U+4E18, 丘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E18

← 丗
[U+4E17]

CJK Unified Ideographs

丙 →
[U+4E19]

Translingual

Han character

丘 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人一 (OM), four-corner 7210₁, composition ⿱斤一)

Shuowen Jiezi radical №293

Derived characters

𠰋, 坵, 㚱, 岴, 拞, 㳋, 𬮾, 𪯫, 𪲀, 𣧭, 𥙂, 𪽽, 𥅔, 䂡, 𥿤, 𮎈, 蚯, 𡲌, 𧣜, 𧦺, 𧲰, 𧻁, 䟬, 𨈬, 𫒒, 𬰘, 𩚨, 駈, 𩨼, 𪖛
𪟘, 邱, 𣢥, 屔, 𫠴, 𮨆, 𣉠, 𫘶, 𩿨, 𠇯, 𡘄, 𡶦, 𢇹, 茊, 𤵢, 𠤢, 𡙅, 𥬨, 𧟬, 虗, 𩬡, 𦦛, 乒, 乓, 兵, 𠔊, 𡊣, 岳, 𠬿, 𨚬

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 丘

Shang

Spring and Autumn

Warring States

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Oracle bone script

Bronze inscriptions

Chu slip and silk script

Qin slip script

Ancient script

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Oracle bone script**
j19598	j19599	j19600	j19601	j19602	j19603	j19604	j19605
j19606	j19607	j19608	j19609	j19610	j19611	j19612	j19613
j19614	j19615	j19616	j19618	j19619	j19620	j19621	j19622
j19623

**Bronze inscriptions**
b12629	b12630	b12631	b12632	b12633

**Small seal script**
s05951	s05952

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L11667	L11668	L11669	L11670	L11671	L11672	L11673	L11674
L11675	L11676	L11677	L11678	L11679	L11680	L11665	L11666

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (丘) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
丘	*kʰʷɯ
邱	*kʰʷɯ
蚯	*kʰʷɯ
丠	*kʰʷɯ

Ideogram (指事) – hill. Earlier form closer to 丠, as in 虛 (OC *kʰa, *qʰa). Compare 山.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		丘
alternative forms		丠㐀𡊣㘳坵丠㐀𡊣㘳坵𠀈𠀉𠀌

Wang (1982) relates this word to 墟 (xū) "ruin-mound". However, Schuessler (2007) disagrees.

Schuessler considers two homophones 丘, "hill, mound" and 丘 "village, district" to be the same word as settlements were often built on elevated grounds (for a parallel see 京 (jīng)) and traces this word's etymology to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r/g-wa (“village”); within Sinitic, 丘 (OC *kʰʷɯ) is cognate with 里 (OC *rɯʔ) "village" and 街 (OC *kreː, *kreː) "road crossing, street"; outsides Sinitic, cognate with Mizo khua (“village”), Lai khûa (“village, cosmos”), and Burmese ရွာ (rwa, “village”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qiū (qiu¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄡ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): jau¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): hiu¹
Gan (Wiktionary): qiu¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hiû

(Meixian, Guangdong): hiu¹
Min Bei (KCR): kiú
Min Dong (BUC): kŭ / kiŭ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): khu / khiu

(Teochew, Peng'im): ku¹ / kiu¹
Wu (Wiktionary): qieu (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qiū
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ciou
  - Wade–Giles: chʻiu¹
  - Yale: chyōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiou
  - Palladius: цю (cju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjoʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jau¹
  - Yale: yāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: hiu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiu³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: qiu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiu⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hiû
  - Hakka Romanization System: hiu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hiu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯u²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hiu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /çiu⁴⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kiú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiu⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kŭ / kiŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu⁵⁵/, /kʰieu⁵⁵/

Note:

kŭ - vernacular;
kiŭ - literary (incl. surname).

Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khu / khiu
  - Tâi-lô: khu / khiu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qw, qiw
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰu⁴⁴/, /kʰiu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰu³³/, /kʰiu³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰu⁴⁴/, /kʰiu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰu⁴⁴/, /kʰiu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰu⁴⁴/, /kʰiu⁴⁴/

Note:

khu - vernacular (incl. surname);
khiu - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ku¹ / kiu¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khu / khiu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu³³/, /kʰiu³³/

Note:

ku1 - vernacular (incl. surname);
kiu1 - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: qieu (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiɜ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /kʰɨu/

Rime
Character	丘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去鳩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiu/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuw/
Li Rong	/kʰiu/
Wang Li	/kʰĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷʰə/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	丘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiū
Middle Chinese	‹ khjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʷʰə/
English	hill, mound
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	丘
Reading #	1/1
No.	10523
Phonetic component	丘
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	丘
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷɯ/

Definitions

丘

mound; hill
山丘 ― shānqiū ― hill

沙丘 ― shāqiū ― dune
grave
to place a coffin in a temporary shelter pending burial
(dialectal) Classifier for fields: plot
(obsolete) ruins
(obsolete) empty
a surname
丘成桐 [Cantonese] ― jau¹ sing⁴ tung⁴ [Jyutping] ― Shing-Tung Yau (mathematician)

Usage notes

See 邱 (qiū).

Compounds

Derived terms from 丘

一丘一壑
一丘之貉 (yīqiūzhīhé)
丘中有麻
丘井
丘八 (qiūbā)
丘堡 (qiūbǎo)
丘墓
丘墟 (qiūxū)
丘壑 (qiūhè)
丘嫂
丘山
丘木
丘林 (Qiūlín)
丘疹 (qiūzhěn)
丘陵 (qiūlíng)
丹丘
九丘
五比丘
介丘
八索九丘
商丘 (Shāngqiū)
圜丘
土丘 (tǔqiū)
如丘而止
宛丘
山丘 (shānqiū)
左丘 (Zuǒqiū)
巴丘

恩重丘山
放情丘壑
旄丘
曹丘
松丘
梧丘之魂
比丘 (bǐqiū)
比丘尼 (bǐqiūní)
沙丘 (shāqiū)
泌丘
炎丘
狐死首丘
皖南丘陵
砂丘
穹丘 (qióngqiū)
糟丘
胸有丘壑
虎丘
融丘
赫丘利斯
陵丘
零落山丘
青丘 (Qīngqiū)
首丘
首丘之念
首丘之思
首丘之情

首丘之望
黎丘丈人
鼻丘
下視丘／下视丘 (xiàshìqiū)
丘園／丘园
丘墳／丘坟
丘壟／丘垄
丘腦／丘脑 (qiūnǎo)
丘隴／丘陇
員丘山／员丘山
圓丘／圆丘
太丘道廣／太丘道广
宗廟丘墟／宗庙丘墟
寢丘之志／寝丘之志
島狀丘陵／岛状丘陵
恥丘／耻丘
溪丘灣／溪丘湾 (Xīqiūwān)
狐丘之誡／狐丘之诫
畝丘／亩丘
皮諾丘／皮诺丘
膠東丘陵／胶东丘陵
華屋丘墟／华屋丘墟
華屋山丘／华屋山丘
視丘／视丘
資丘／资丘 (Zīqiū)
首丘夙願／首丘夙愿
麥丘老人／麦丘老人

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see 兵 (“weapon; army; troops; etc.”). (This character, 丘, is a variant form of 兵.)

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see 蚯. (This character, 丘, is the second-round simplified form of 蚯.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

丘

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: く (ku)
Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きう (kiu, historical)}
Kun: おか (oka, 丘, Jōyō)

Compounds

丘上(きゅうじょう) (kyūjō)
丘疹(きゅうしん) (kyūshin)
丘(おか)辺(べ) (okabe)
丘陵(きゅうりょう) (kyūryō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
丘
おか Grade: S
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 丘 – see the following entry.

【おか】	[noun] hill [proper noun] a surname Alternative spellings 丘, 岡

(This term, 丘, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Alternative forms

㐀

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 丘 (MC kʰɨu). Recorded as Middle Korean 구 (kwu) (Yale: kwu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource 丘 (eumhun 언덕 구 (eondeok gu))

Hanja form^? of 구 (“small hill”).

Compounds

구강 (丘岡, gugang)
구롱 (丘壟, gurong)
구릉 (丘陵, gureung)
구목 (丘木, gumok)
구묘 (丘墓, gumyo)
구민 (丘民, gumin)
구부 (丘阜, gubu)
구분 (丘墳, gubun)
구사 (丘史, gusa)
구산 (丘山, gusan)
구수 (丘嫂, gusu)
구수 (丘首, gusu)
구언 (丘言, gueon)
구우 (丘隅, guu)
구원 (丘園, guwon)
구정 (丘亭, gujeong)
구진 (丘疹, gujin)
구질 (丘垤, gujil)
구총 (丘冢, guchong)
구판 (丘坂, gupan)
구학 (丘壑, guhak)
구허 (丘墟, guheo)
고구 (古丘, gogu)
고구 (故丘, gogu)
고구 (高丘, gogu)
공구 (孔丘, Gonggu)
능구 (陵丘, neunggu)
단구 (丹丘, dan'gu)
비구 (比丘, bigu)
사구 (沙丘, sagu)
상구 (上丘, sanggu)
소구 (小丘, sogu)
아구 (阿丘, agu)
연구/련구 (連丘, yeon'gu/ryeon'gu)
원구 (圜丘/圓丘, won'gu)
이구/니구 (泥丘, igu/nigu)
잔구 (殘丘, jan'gu)
잠구 (潛丘, jamgu)
청구 (靑丘, cheonggu)
치구 (恥丘, chigu)
파구 (波丘, pagu)
하구 (下丘, hagu)
해구 (海丘, haegu)
화구 (火丘, hwagu)
비구니 (比丘尼, biguni)
수정구 (受精丘, sujeonggu)
구리지언 (丘里之言, gurijieon)
일구지학 (一丘之貉, ilgujihak)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Kunigami

Kanji

丘

Kun: ふぁーい (faai)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 丘 (おか, oka).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɸaːi/

Noun

丘 (hiragana ふぁーい, romaji fāi)

hill

Vietnamese

Han character

丘: Hán Việt readings: khiêu, khâu, khưu
丘: Nôm readings: khâu, kheo, khưu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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丘

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

Further reading

Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Definitions

Usage notes

See also

Compounds

Etymology 2

Etymology 3

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Korean

Alternative forms

Etymology

Hanja

Compounds

References

Kunigami

Kanji

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Vietnamese

Han character

References