六

See also: 大, 穴, and 冘
六 U+516D, 六
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-516D
← 公
[U+516C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兮 →
[U+516E]
㈥ U+3225, ㈥
PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH SIX
← ㈤
[U+3224] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㈦ →
[U+3226]
㊅ U+3285, ㊅
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH SIX
← ㊄
[U+3284] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㊆ →
[U+3286]
六 U+F9D1, 六
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9D1
← 類
[U+F9D0] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 戮 →
[U+F9D2]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

六 (Kangxi radical 12, 八+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜金 (YC), four-corner 00800, composition ⿱亠八)

References

Chinese
The number six in Chinese number gestures

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 六
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script

j29782

j29783

j29784

j29785

j29786

j29787

j29788

j29789

j29790

j29791

j29792

j29793

j29794

j29795

j29796

j29797

j29798

j29799

j29800

j29801

j29802

j29803

j29804

j29805

j29806

j29807

j29808

j29809

j29810

j29811

Bronze inscriptions

b19884

b19885

b19886

b19887

b19888

b19889

b19890

b19891

b19892

b19893

b19894

b19895

b19896

b19897

b19898

b19899

b19900

b19901

b19902

b19903

b19904

b19905

b19906

b19907

b19908

Small seal script

s10921

Transcribed ancient scripts

L37442

L37443

L37444

L25250

L25251

L25252

L25253

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (六) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
六 *ruɡ
圥 *ruɡ

Pictogram (象形) – perhaps a shed. Originally using the similar-sounding word 廬 (OC *ra, “shed, cabin”) to represent the concept “six” (Liu Xinglong). Alternatively, it may be an ancient counting symbol.

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 六
alternative forms 陸／陆 financial
𠫪

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k-ruk (“six”).

Pronunciation

Note:
Note:
  • la̍k - vernacular;
  • lio̍k - literary.
Rime
Character 六
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 東 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力竹切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /lɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /liuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /liuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /luwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /liuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /lĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /li̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 lù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 luk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 六
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 liù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ljuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*k.ruk/
English six

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 六
Reading # 1/1
No. 8341
Phonetic
component		 六
Rime
group		 覺
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 六
Old
Chinese		 /*ruɡ/

Definitions

六

  1. six
    六城  ―  liù chéng  ―  Six Cities (a literal translation of Altishahr, an ancient name for the region Xinjiang/East Turkestan)
  2. (printing) small text; The size of type between 小五 (xiǎowǔ, “little 5”) and 小六 (xiǎoliù, “little 6”), standardized as 7½ point.
  3. (dialectal) proficient
  4. (neologism, Internet slang) awesome; excellent; remarkable
  5. a surname. (pronounced Lù)
  6. name of an ancient state (pronounced Lù), also found in placenames (e.g., 六安 (Lù'ān) Lu'an, Anhui, China)

See also
Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 108 1012
Normal
(小寫／小写)		 〇, 零 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬／万
十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)		 億／亿 兆 (Taiwan)
萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大寫／大写)		 零 壹 貳／贰 參／叁 肆 伍 陸／陆 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟

Compounds
Derived terms from 六

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (六):
  • → Japanese: 六(ろく) (roku)
  • → Korean: 육/륙(六) (yuk/ryuk)
  • → Vietnamese: lục (六)

Others:

Etymology 2
simp. and trad.
 六

Pronunciation

Definitions

六

  1. (music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note sol (5).
  2. (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note sol (5).

Derived terms

References

Japanese
Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  5 6 7  > 
    Cardinal : 六

Kanji
六

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. six

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
六
む
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

The ablaut form of 三 (mi, “three”), which it doubles. From Old Japanese 六 (mu), from Proto-Japonic *mu.

Pronunciation

Noun

六(む) • (mu) 

  1. six
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
六
ろく
Grade: 1
goon
Alternative spelling
陸 ("used, in, law, contexts")

From Middle Chinese 六 (MC lɨuk̚). Compare modern Cantonese reading luk6.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ろく​ [ròkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA(key): [ɾo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

六(ろく) • (roku) 

  1. six
  2. the sixth hole of a wind instrument
Coordinate terms
Japanese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Regular 零(れい) (rei)
零(ゼロ) (zero)		 一(いち) (ichi) 二(に) (ni) 三(さん) (san) 四(よん) (yon)
四(し) (shi)		 五(ご) (go) 六(ろく) (roku) 七(なな) (nana)
七(しち) (shichi)		 八(はち) (hachi) 九(きゅう) (kyū)
九(く) (ku)		 十(じゅう) (jū)
Formal 壱(いち) (ichi) 弐(に) (ni) 参(さん) (san) 拾(じゅう) (jū)
90 100 300 600 800 1,000 3,000 8,000 10,000 100,000,000
Regular 九(きゅう)十(じゅう) (kyūjū) 百(ひゃく) (hyaku)
一(いっ)百(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)		 三(さん)百(びゃく) (sanbyaku) 六(ろっ)百(ぴゃく) (roppyaku) 八(はっ)百(ぴゃく) (happyaku) 千(せん) (sen)
一(いっ)千(せん) (issen)		 三(さん)千(ぜん) (sanzen) 八(はっ)千(せん) (hassen) 一(いち)万(まん) (ichiman) 一(いち)億(おく) (ichioku)
Formal 一(いち)萬(まん) (ichiman)
1012 8×1012 1013 1016 6×1016 8×1016 1017 1018
一(いっ)兆(ちょう) (itchō) 八(はっ)兆(ちょう) (hatchō) 十(じゅっ)兆(ちょう) (jutchō) 一(いっ)京(けい) (ikkei) 六(ろっ)京(けい) (rokkei) 八(はっ)京(けい) (hakkei) 十(じゅっ)京(けい) (jukkei) 百(ひゃっ)京(けい) (hyakkei)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Korean numbers (edit)
60
 ←  5 6 7  → 
    Native isol.: 여섯 (yeoseot)
    Native attr.: 여섯 (yeoseot), (archaic) 엿 (yeot)
    Sino-Korean: 육 (yuk), 륙 (ryuk)
    Hanja: 六
    Ordinal: 여섯째 (yeoseotjjae)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 六 (MC lɨuk̚).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448륙〮 (Yale: lyúk)
Middle Korean
TextEumhun
Gloss (hun)Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527여슷〮 (Yale: yèsús)륙〮 (Yale: lyúk)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Wikisource 六 (eumhun 여섯 륙 (yeoseot ryuk), South Korea 여섯 육 (yeoseot yuk))

  1. Hanja form? of 륙/육 (“six”).

Compounds
Compounds
  • 육각형 (六角形, yukgakhyeong)
  • 육감 (六感, yukgam)
  • 육하원칙 (六何原則, yukhawonchik)

References
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

六: Hán Việt readings: lục[1][2][3], lúc (力(lực)竹(trúc)切(thiết))[1]
六: Nôm readings: lúc[1][2][3][4], lục[1][2][3], lóc[1], trọc[1], lộc[3], lụt[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of lục (“six”).

Derived terms
Derived terms

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Hồ (1976).
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