vanha

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vanha, from Proto-Finno-Permic *wanša. Cognate with Estonian vana.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈʋɑnhɑ/, [ˈʋɑnhɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ɑnhɑ
  • Syllabification(key): van‧ha

Adjective

vanha (comparative vanhempi, superlative vanhin)

  1. old (of age)
    Synonym: iäkäs
  2. old, former
    Synonym: entinen
  3. expired
    Synonyms: vanhentunut, (of food) eltaantunut, pilaantunut

Declension
Inflection of vanha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative vanha vanhat
genitive vanhan vanhojen
partitive vanhaa vanhoja
illative vanhaan vanhoihin
singular plural
nominative vanha vanhat
accusative nom. vanha vanhat
gen. vanhan
genitive vanhan vanhojen
vanhainrare
partitive vanhaa vanhoja
inessive vanhassa vanhoissa
elative vanhasta vanhoista
illative vanhaan vanhoihin
adessive vanhalla vanhoilla
ablative vanhalta vanhoilta
allative vanhalle vanhoille
essive vanhana vanhoina
translative vanhaksi vanhoiksi
instructive — vanhoin
abessive vanhatta vanhoitta
comitative — vanhoine
Possessive forms of vanha (type kala)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
possessor singular plural
1st person vanhani vanhamme
2nd person vanhasi vanhanne
3rd person vanhansa

Antonyms

Derived terms

Compounds

Anagrams

Ingrian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vanha. Cognates include Finnish vanha and Estonian vana.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑnɑ/, [ˈʋɑnɑ]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋɑnhɑ/, [ˈʋɑnhɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ɑnɑ, -ɑnhɑ
  • Hyphenation: van‧ha

Adjective

vanha (comparative vanhemp)

  1. old
  2. former

Declension
Declension of vanha (type 3/kana, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative vanha vanhat
genitive vanhan vanhoin
partitive vanhaa vanhoja
illative vanhaa vanhoi
inessive vanhaas vanhois
elative vanhast vanhoist
allative vanhalle vanhoille
adessive vanhaal vanhoil
ablative vanhalt vanhoilt
translative vanhaks vanhoiks
essive vanhanna, vanhaan vanhoinna, vanhoin
exessive1) vanhant vanhoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Antonyms
  • (old): noori (“young”); uus (“new”)

References
  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 57
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 638
  • Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎, →ISBN, page 76

Karelian
Regional variants of vanha
North Karelian
(Viena)		 vanha
South Karelian
(Tver)		 vanha

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vanha. Cognates include Finnish vanha and Estonian vana.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈʋɑnhɑ/
  • Hyphenation: van‧ha

Adjective

vanha (genitive vanhan, partitive vanhua, comparative vanhempi or vanhembi, superlative vanhemmin)

  1. old

Declension
Viena Karelian declension of vanha (type 4/kala, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative vanha vanhat
genitive vanhan vanhojen
partitive vanhua vanhoja
illative vanhah vanhoih
inessive vanhašša vanhoissa
elative vanhašta vanhoista
adessive vanhalla vanhoilla
ablative vanhalta vanhoilta
translative vanhakši vanhoiksi
essive vanhana vanhoina
comitative — vanhoineh
comitative vanhatta vanhoitta
Tver Karelian declension of vanha (type 4/kala no gradation)
singular plural
nominative vanha vanhat
genitive vanhan vanhoin
partitive vanhua vanhoida
illative vanhah vanhoih
inessive vanhašša vanhoissa
elative vanhašta vanhoista
adessive vanhalla vanhoilla
ablative vanhalda vanhoilda
translative vanhakši vanhoiksi
essive vanhana vanhoina
comitative vanhanke vanhoinke
comitative vanhatta vanhoitta
Possessive forms of vanha
1st person vanhani
2nd person vanhaš
3rd person vanhah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

Derived terms

References
  • A. V. Punzhina (1994), “vanha”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
  • P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015) Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN
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