iacto

Latin

Etymology

From iaciō (“throw”) +‎ -tō (frequentative suffix). See iactus.

Pronunciation

Verb

iactō (present infinitive iactāre, perfect active iactāvī, supine iactātum); first conjugation

  1. I throw, cast, hurl.
    Synonyms: coniciō, iniciō, adiciō, obiciō, abiciō, permittō, iaciō, trāiciō, iaculor, impingō, ēmittō, mittō, lībrō
  2. I scatter, toss.
  3. (figuratively) I disturb, disquiet, torment, agitate, shock.
    • 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Tristia 1.41-42:
      carmina sēcessum scrībentis et ōtia quaerunt;
      mē mare, mē ventī, mē fera iactat hiems
      Verses require of [their] writing [both] solitude and leisure;
      the sea, winds, [and] a savage winter disturb me.
      (The poet, sailing to exile during wintertime, is disturbed both physically and mentally.)
    Synonyms: cieo, perpello, molior, instigo, instinguo, agito, turbo, ango
  4. I utter, speak, throw out.
  5. I hurl insults.
  6. I am officious or active in, give myself up to, devote myself to a thing.
    Synonyms: versō, exerceō, operor
  7. I boast, act conceitedly.
  8. I am officious.
  9. (Medieval Latin) I invest.

Conjugation
   Conjugation of iactō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present iactō iactās iactat iactāmus iactātis iactant
imperfect iactābam iactābās iactābat iactābāmus iactābātis iactābant
future iactābō iactābis iactābit iactābimus iactābitis iactābunt
perfect iactāvī iactāvistī iactāvit iactāvimus iactāvistis iactāvērunt,
iactāvēre
pluperfect iactāveram iactāverās iactāverat iactāverāmus iactāverātis iactāverant
future perfect iactāverō iactāveris iactāverit iactāverimus iactāveritis iactāverint
passive present iactor iactāris,
iactāre		 iactātur iactāmur iactāminī iactantur
imperfect iactābar iactābāris,
iactābāre		 iactābātur iactābāmur iactābāminī iactābantur
future iactābor iactāberis,
iactābere		 iactābitur iactābimur iactābiminī iactābuntur
perfect iactātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect iactātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect iactātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present iactem iactēs iactet iactēmus iactētis iactent
imperfect iactārem iactārēs iactāret iactārēmus iactārētis iactārent
perfect iactāverim iactāverīs iactāverit iactāverīmus iactāverītis iactāverint
pluperfect iactāvissem iactāvissēs iactāvisset iactāvissēmus iactāvissētis iactāvissent
passive present iacter iactēris,
iactēre		 iactētur iactēmur iactēminī iactentur
imperfect iactārer iactārēris,
iactārēre		 iactārētur iactārēmur iactārēminī iactārentur
perfect iactātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect iactātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — iactā — — iactāte —
future — iactātō iactātō — iactātōte iactantō
passive present — iactāre — — iactāminī —
future — iactātor iactātor — — iactantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives iactāre iactāvisse iactātūrum esse iactārī,
iactārier1		 iactātum esse iactātum īrī
participles iactāns — iactātūrus — iactātus iactandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
iactandī iactandō iactandum iactandō iactātum iactātū

1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Late Latin: iectō (see there for further descendants)
  • → Portuguese: jactar
  • → Sicilian: jattari
  • → Spanish: jactar

Participle

iactō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of iactus

References
  • “iacto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • jacto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • tossed hither and thither by the waves: fluctibus iactari
    • to have a severe attack of fever: aestu et febri iactari
    • to experience the ups and downs of life: multis casibus iactari
    • to use threats: minas iacere, iactare
    • the bank-rate varies: nummus iactatur (Off. 3. 20. 80)
  • iacto in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • iacto in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
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