dis-

• di-, dif-

From Middle English dis-, borrowed from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

• IPA^(key): /dɪs/

dis-

1. reversal or removal

   disassociate, disarray, disconnect, disafforest

2. Used as an intensifier of words with negative valence.

   disembowel, disannul, disgruntled

3. incorrect

   disadaptation, disalign

4. to fail (to)

   disagree, disanalogy, disremember

5. not

   discontinue, disaccordant, discoherent, disacknowledge

6. against

   dissuade, disadvise, disrecommend

When attached to a verbal root, prefixes often change the first vowel (whether initial or preceded by a consonant/consonant cluster) of that verb. These phonological changes took place in Latin and usually do not apply to words created (as in Modern Latin) from Latin components since Latin became a 'dead' language. Note: the combination of prefix and following vowel did not always yield the same change. (see examples below at con- + -a-) Also, these changes in vowels are not necessarily particular to being prefixed with dis- (i.e. other prefixes sometimes cause the same vowel change- see con-, ex-).

• (reversal): un-, de-
• (incorrect): para-, dys-, mis-, mal-
• (to fail): dys-, mis-
• (not): a-, an-, i-/ig-/il-/im-/in-/ir-, mal-, non-, un-
• (against): anti-, counter-, contra-, ob-

NOTE: Words using the prefix dis- do not necessarily use the prefixes given here when translated. See individual words for more accurate translations.

• dys-

• dis- at OneLook Dictionary Search
• dis- in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911

• DSI, I.D.s, IDS, IDs, ISD, SDI, SID, Sid, ids, sid, sid'

From Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-).

dis-

1. dys- (bad)

   disfàsia ― dysphasia

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

dis-

1. Indicates negation.

   ‎dis- + ‎sort (“luck”) → ‎dissort (“misfortune”)

• “dis-” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “dis-”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
• “dis-” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

Ultimately from Latin dis-.

• IPA^(key): /dɪs/

• Audio

  (file)

dis-

1. dis-

Borrowed from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /dis/

dis-

1. shows separation, dissemination, e.g. semi (“sow”) > dissemi (“disseminate”) ; ŝiri (“tear”) > disŝiri (“tear to pieces”).

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited dé-.

• IPA^(key): /dis/

dis-

1. dis-

From Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. See also s-.

dis-

1. dis-

   ‎dis- + ‎sglonfâ (“to inflate”) → ‎disglonfâ (“to deflate”)

   ‎dis- + ‎florî (“to bloom”) → ‎disflorî (“to wither”)

2. as intensifier

   ‎dis- + ‎sfidâ (“to challenge”) → ‎disfidâ (“to compete”)

   ‎dis- + ‎scuvierzi (“to discover, to uncover”) → ‎discuvierzi (“to find out, to unveil”)

dis-

1. Romanization of 𐌳𐌹𐍃-

Borrowed from Esperanto dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

dis-

1. shows separation or dissemination

From Dutch dis-, from Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís.

• IPA^(key): [dɪs]
• Hyphenation: dis

dis-

1. dis- (“reversal, removal; apart”)

• “dis-” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

dis-

1. Alternative form of dios-

From Latin dis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. See also s-.

dis-

1. dis-

   ‎dis- + ‎fare (“do”) → ‎disfare (“undo”)

   ‎dis- + ‎organizzare (“organize”) → ‎disorganizzare (“disorganize”)

• s-
• in-

• dī-
• dif-
• dir-

From Proto-Italic *dwis-, from Proto-Indo-European *dwís. Cognate with Ancient Greek δίς (dís), Sanskrit द्विस् (dvis). Doublet of bis.

dis-

1. asunder, apart, in two

   dīmittō ― dismiss, disband

   discēdō ― part, separate

2. reversal, removal

   dissimulō ― disguise, conceal

3. utterly, exceedingly

   differtus ― stuffed full

• Before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, sc, sp, st and v, the prefix becomes dī-.
• Before f, the prefix becomes dif-.
• Before a consonantal i, the prefix may become dī- or remain as dis-.
• Before a vowel or h, the prefix becomes dir- in the two verbs diribeō and dirimō, which arose early enough to be subject to rhotacism, but from Classical Latin onwards, dis- is used (see, for example, dishiascō in Cato).

• bis
• duo

• “dis-”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

• des-, dys-

Borrowed from Old French des- and its source Latin dis-.

• IPA^(key): /dis-/, /dɛs-/

dis-

1. Forms words denoting reversal or removal; dis-, de-.

   Synonym: de-

2. Intensifies words with a negative connotation; dis-, de-.

   Synonym: de-

• Sometimes used interchangeably with de-; see that entry for more.

• English: dis- (obsolete des-)

• “des-, pref.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
• “dis-, pref.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

dis-

1. dis- (indicates separation)

Borrowed from New Latin dys-, from Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-, “bad, hard”).

• dys- (obsolete)

dis-

1. (medicine) dys- (forms the names of conditions characterised by difficult or inadequate function)
2. dys- (bad or wrong)

Borrowed from Latin dis-. Compare the inherited des-.

dis-

1. dis-

• “dis-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

• IPA^(key): /dɪs/

dis-

1. intensifying prefix

   ‎dis- + ‎taw (“quiet, silent”) → ‎distaw (“silent, noiseless”)

   ‎dis- + ‎pwyll (“consideration”) → ‎disbwyll (“discretion, prudence”)

2. negative prefix

   ‎dis- + ‎cloff (“lame”) → ‎disgloff (“sure footed, agile”)

   Synonyms: af-, an-, di-