chocar
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʃoˈka(ʁ)/ [ʃoˈka(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʃoˈka(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʃoˈka(ʁ)/ [ʃoˈka(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʃoˈka(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʃuˈkaɾ/
Etymology 1
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *cloccāre, from Latin glocīre, glociāre (“to cluck”).
Verb
chocar (first-person singular present choco, first-person singular preterite choquei, past participle chocado)
- (transitive) to brood (to keep an egg warm until it hatches)
- (of an egg, intransitive) to hatch (to break open when a young animal emerges from it)
- (of a creature, intransitive) to hatch (to emerge from its egg)
- (figurative, transitive) to hatch (to ponder an idea slowly and deliberately)
- (slang, intransitive) to linger (to spend a long time not moving or doing anything)
- (informal, of a drink, intransitive) to become foul due to heat
Conjugation
Conjugation of chocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Verb
chocar (first-person singular present choco, first-person singular preterite choquei, past participle chocado)
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to collide (to hit one another violently)
- As aeronaves se chocaram logo depois de decolarem.
- The aircrafts collided soon after they took off.
- (usually takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with em or contra or com) to collide with; to crash against (to hit violently)
- Só um esquiador na história conseguiu descer esta ladeira sem se chocar em nenhuma árvore.
- Only one skier in history was able to go down this hill without hitting any tree.
- (transitive) to shock (to evoke a very negative emotional response)
- Os vídeos de decapitação do Estado Islâmico chocaram o mundo.
- The Islamic State’s decapitation videos shocked the world.
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with com) to clash with (not to work well together with)
- Os imigrantes serão bem aceitos porque seus valores não se chocam com os nossos.
- The immigrants will be accepted because their values do not clash with ours.
Conjugation
Conjugation of chocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃoˈkaɾ/ [t͡ʃoˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: cho‧car
Verb
chocar (first-person singular present choco, first-person singular preterite choqué, past participle chocado)
Usage notes
- Chocar is a false friend, and does not mean "to choke". The word for "to choke", in the sense of "to choke someone", in Spanish is ahorcar, asfixiar or estrangular.
Conjugation
Conjugation of chocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | chocar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | chocando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | chocado | chocada | |||||
plural | chocados | chocadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | choco | chocastú chocásvos |
choca | chocamos | chocáis | chocan | |
imperfect | chocaba | chocabas | chocaba | chocábamos | chocabais | chocaban | |
preterite | choqué | chocaste | chocó | chocamos | chocasteis | chocaron | |
future | chocaré | chocarás | chocará | chocaremos | chocaréis | chocarán | |
conditional | chocaría | chocarías | chocaría | chocaríamos | chocaríais | chocarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | choque | choquestú choquésvos2 |
choque | choquemos | choquéis | choquen | |
imperfect (ra) |
chocara | chocaras | chocara | chocáramos | chocarais | chocaran | |
imperfect (se) |
chocase | chocases | chocase | chocásemos | chocaseis | chocasen | |
future1 | chocare | chocares | chocare | chocáremos | chocareis | chocaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | chocatú chocávos |
choque | choquemos | chocad | choquen | ||
negative | no choques | no choque | no choquemos | no choquéis | no choquen |
Selected combined forms of chocar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive chocar | |||||||
dative | chocarme | chocarte | chocarle, chocarse | chocarnos | chocaros | chocarles, chocarse | |
accusative | chocarme | chocarte | chocarlo, chocarla, chocarse | chocarnos | chocaros | chocarlos, chocarlas, chocarse | |
with gerund chocando | |||||||
dative | chocándome | chocándote | chocándole, chocándose | chocándonos | chocándoos | chocándoles, chocándose | |
accusative | chocándome | chocándote | chocándolo, chocándola, chocándose | chocándonos | chocándoos | chocándolos, chocándolas, chocándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative choca | |||||||
dative | chócame | chócate | chócale | chócanos | not used | chócales | |
accusative | chócame | chócate | chócalo, chócala | chócanos | not used | chócalos, chócalas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative chocá | |||||||
dative | chocame | chocate | chocale | chocanos | not used | chocales | |
accusative | chocame | chocate | chocalo, chocala | chocanos | not used | chocalos, chocalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative choque | |||||||
dative | chóqueme | not used | chóquele, chóquese | chóquenos | not used | chóqueles | |
accusative | chóqueme | not used | chóquelo, chóquela, chóquese | chóquenos | not used | chóquelos, chóquelas | |
with first-person plural imperative choquemos | |||||||
dative | not used | choquémoste | choquémosle | choquémonos | choquémoos | choquémosles | |
accusative | not used | choquémoste | choquémoslo, choquémosla | choquémonos | choquémoos | choquémoslos, choquémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative chocad | |||||||
dative | chocadme | not used | chocadle | chocadnos | chocaos | chocadles | |
accusative | chocadme | not used | chocadlo, chocadla | chocadnos | chocaos | chocadlos, chocadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative choquen | |||||||
dative | chóquenme | not used | chóquenle | chóquennos | not used | chóquenles, chóquense | |
accusative | chóquenme | not used | chóquenlo, chóquenla | chóquennos | not used | chóquenlos, chóquenlas, chóquense |
Derived terms
Further reading
- “chocar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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