膠

See also: 胶
膠 U+81A0, 膠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81A0
← 膟
[U+819F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 膡 →
[U+81A1]

Translingual

Han character

膠 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 月尸一竹 (BSMH), four-corner 77222, composition ⿰⺼翏)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 993, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29841
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1445, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2109, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+81A0

Chinese
trad. 膠
simp. 胶*

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (翏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
醪 *ruːw
嫪 *ruːw, *rɯːws
嘐 *ɡ·ruːw, *krɯːw, *qʰrɯːw
賿 *rrɯːw, *rrɯːwʔ
顟 *rrɯːw
膠 *krɯːw, *krɯːws, *kʰrɯːw
轇 *krɯːw
摎 *krɯːw, *rɯw
髎 *riw, *rɯːw
熮 *riws, *rɯːw, *rɯwʔ
廖 *rɯːw, *rɯːws, *rɯws
憀 *rɯːw, *rɯw
豂 *rɯːw
漻 *rɯːw
翏 *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws
寥 *rɯːw, *rɯːwɢ
蓼 *rɯːwʔ, *rɯwɢ
鄝 *rɯːwʔ
鷚 *mɡlɯw, *rɯwɢs, *mɡrɯw, *ɡrɯw
繆 *mlɯw, *mɡrɯw, *mrɯws, *mlɯwɢ
勠 *rɯw, *rɯwɢs, *rɯwɢ
疁 *rɯw
飂 *rɯw, *rɯws
鏐 *rɯw, *rɯw
僇 *rɯwɢs, *rɯwɢ
瘳 *r̥ʰɯw
璆 *ɡlɯw, *ɡrɯw
謬 *mrɯws
蟉 *ɡ·rɯw, *ɡrɯw, *ɡrɯwʔ
樛 *krɯw
磟 *ruːwɢ, *rɯwɢ
戮 *rɯwɢ
剹 *rɯwɢ
穋 *rɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *krɯːw, *krɯːws, *kʰrɯːw) : semantic ⺼ (“meat; flesh”) + phonetic 翏 (OC *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • gĕu/gău - literary;
  • gă - vernacular.
Note:
  • ka - vernacular;
  • kau - literary.
Rime
Character 膠 膠 膠
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 溪 (29) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 肴 (90) 肴 (90) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) II II II
Fanqie 古肴切 口交切 古孝切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠau/ /kʰˠau/ /kˠauH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚau/ /kʰᵚau/ /kᵚauH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kau/ /kʰau/ /kauH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kaɨw/ /kʰaɨw/ /kaɨwH/
Li
Rong		 /kau/ /kʰau/ /kauH/
Wang
Li		 /kau/ /kʰau/ /kauH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kau/ /kʰau/ /kauH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiāo qiāo jiào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gaau1 haau1 gaau3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 膠 膠
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiāo jiǎo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kæw › ‹ kæwX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ˁriw/ /*[k]ˁriwʔ/
English glue glue

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 膠 膠 膠
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 8350 8354 8355
Phonetic
component		 翏 翏 翏
Rime
group		 幽 幽 幽
Rime
subdivision		 2 2 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 交 敎 敲
Old
Chinese		 /*krɯːw/ /*krɯːws/ /*kʰrɯːw/
Notes 校本改目旁

Definitions

膠

  1. glue; adhesive; gum; resin
  2. rubber (substance)
  3. to glue; to adhere
  4. sticky; gluey
  5. Short for 橡膠／橡胶 (xiàngjiāo).
  6. (Cantonese) Short for 塑膠／塑胶 (sok3 gaau1, sou3 gaau1, “plastic”).
  7. Short for 膠州／胶州 (Jiāozhōu).
  8. Short for 膠澳／胶澳. (former name of 青島市／青岛市)
  9. (Wenzhou Wu) swim bladder

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 塑料 (“plastic”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 塑料
Mandarin Beijing 塑料
Taiwan 塑膠, 塑料
Guilin 塑料
Malaysia 塑膠
Singapore 塑膠
Cantonese Guangzhou 塑料, 塑膠, 膠
Hong Kong 塑膠, 膠
Taishan 塑膠, 膠
Kaiping (Chikan) 膠
Hakka Meixian 塑料
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 塑膠
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 塑膠
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 塑膠
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 塑膠
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 塑膠
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 塑膠
Min Nan Xiamen 塑料
Quanzhou 塑料
Zhangzhou 塑料
Tainan 塑膠
Manila (Hokkien) 塑膠
Shantou 塑料
Shantou (Chaoyang) 塑料
Jieyang 塑料
Wu Shanghai 塑料
Dialectal synonyms of 魚鰾 (“swim bladder”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 魚鰾, 鰾
Mandarin Beijing 魚尿脬
Tianjin 魚泡兒
Tangshan 魚尿脬
Cangzhou 魚尿包
Baoding 魚尿脬
Shijiazhuang 魚泡兒
Chifeng 魚脬, 魚尿脬
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 魚尿脬
Harbin 魚泡兒
Shenyang 魚泡
Yantai (Muping) 魚泡兒
Qingdao 魚鰾兒
Jinan 魚泡, 魚飄
Zhengzhou 魚尿脬
Xi'an 魚脯兒
Yinchuan 魚泡, 魚泡兒
Lanzhou 魚泡兒
Xining 魚尿脬, 魚漂兒
Ürümqi 魚泡兒
Wuhan 魚泡, 泡
Chengdu 魚泡, 魚泡兒
Chongqing 魚泡兒
Guiyang 魚鰾, 魚脬
Kunming 魚尿脬
Guilin 魚泡
Liuzhou 魚脬, 魚泡
Xuzhou 魚泡兒, 魚尿脬
Yangzhou 魚泡子, 魚脬
Nanjing 魚泡泡, 魚脬兒
Hefei 魚泡
Nantong 魚鰾, 魚泡
Singapore 魚鰾
Cantonese Guangzhou 魚泡, 魚白
Hong Kong 魚泡
Macau 魚泡
Guangzhou (Panyu) 魚泡
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 魚泡
Guangzhou (Conghua) 魚泡
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 魚泡
Foshan 魚泡
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 魚泡
Foshan (Shunde) 魚泡
Foshan (Sanshui) 魚泡
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 魚泡
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 魚泡
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 魚泡
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 魚泡
Zhuhai (Doumen) 魚泡
Jiangmen (Baisha) 魚泡
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 魚泡
Taishan 魚泡
Kaiping (Chikan) 魚泡
Enping (Niujiang) 魚泡
Heshan (Yayao) 魚泡
Dongguan 魚泡
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 魚朵
Gan Nanchang 魚泡
Pingxiang 魚泡
Hakka Meixian 魚泡仔, 魚泡
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 魚鰾
Dongguan (Qingxi) 魚泡
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 魚鰾
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 魚泡
Heyuan (Bendihua) 魚泡
Wengyuan 魚鰾
Liannan 泡
Conghua (Lütian) 魚泡
Jiexi 魚泡
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 魚泡
Changting 魚泡哩
Wuping (Yanqian) 魚泡
Ninghua 魚泡
Yudu 魚泡
Ningdu 魚鰾
Tonggu (Sandu) 魚泡
Ganzhou (Panlong) 魚鰾
Dayu 魚泡
Yangxi (Tangkou) 魚泡
Yangchun (Sanjia) 魚泡
Xinyi (Sihe) 魚泡
Xinyi (Qianpai) 魚泡
Gaozhou (Xindong) 魚泡
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 魚泡
Huazhou (Xin'an) 魚泡
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 魚泡
Lianjiang (Qingping) 魚泡
Mengshan (Xihe) 魚泡
Luchuan 魚泡
Huizhou Jixi 魚泡泡
Jin Taiyuan 魚泡兒, 魚鰾
Xinzhou 魚脬
Linhe 魚泡
Jining 魚泡
Hohhot 魚泡兒
Zhangjiakou 魚尿脬
Handan 魚泡兒
Min Bei Jian'ou 魚泡
Min Dong Fuzhou 魚膠
Min Nan Xiamen 魚鰾
Quanzhou 魚鰾
Zhangzhou 魚鰾, 魚噗
Tainan 魚鰾
Singapore (Hokkien) 魚鰾
Shantou 魚鰾
Shantou (Chenghai) 魚鰾
Haikou 魚鰾
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 魚泡
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 魚泡
Wu Shanghai 魚泡泡
Shanghai (Chongming) 魚泡
Suzhou 魚鰾鰾
Hangzhou 魚泡泡兒
Ningbo 魚泡泡
Wenzhou 魚膠, 膠
Jinhua 魚泡
Xiang Changsha 魚脬
Loudi 魚脬

Compounds
Derived terms from 膠

Descendants
  • → Thai: กาว (gaao)

Etymology 2

Near homophone of the vulgar word 鳩／鸠 (gau1).

Pronunciation

Definitions

膠

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, originally Internet slang) stupid; foolish; dumb
    膠劇／胶剧 [Cantonese]  ―  gaau1 kek6 [Jyutping]  ―  stupid soap operas
  2. (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang) stupidness; stupidity
  3. (Hong Kong Cantonese, originally Internet slang, offensive) idiot; retard
    左膠／左胶 [Cantonese]  ―  zo2 gaau1 [Jyutping]  ―  leftard
    巴膠／巴胶 [Cantonese]  ―  baa1 gaau1 [Jyutping]  ―  bus fans with bad behaviours
  4. (Hong Kong Cantonese, originally Internet slang, possibly offensive) nerd; enthusiast
    腳膠／脚胶 [Cantonese]  ―  goek3 gaau1 [Jyutping]  ―  foot fetish

Japanese

Kanji
膠

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. glue
  2. isinglass

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology
Kanji in this term
膠
にかわ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 膠 – see the following entry.
【にかわ】
[noun] glue
(This term, 膠, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

膠 • (gyo) (hangeul 교, revised gyo, McCune–Reischauer kyo, Yale kyo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

膠: Hán Nôm readings: giao, keo

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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