犬

• 犭 (when used as a left Chinese radical)

Although the alternative form clearly shows only three strokes, it is still counted as four strokes when using a Chinese dictionary. Compare 氵 from 水 (“water”), 扌 from 手 (“hand”), and 忄 from 心 (“heart”), all of which are 3-stroke forms from 4-stroke characters.

犬 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 戈大 (IK), four-corner 4303₀, composition ⿺大丶)

1. Kangxi radical #94, ⽝.

• Appendix:Chinese radical/犬
• 伏, 吠, 𡉩, 𫰋, 𢗗, 㧋, 汱, 迖, 𣅤, 枤, 𤘲, 㺴, 肰, 𤯂, 畎, 𮉿, 紎, 𦨚, 𡌤, 𧿡, 䣭, 𤱶, 𮡧, 𮣺, 𭪝, 𩎓, 𩖮, 𬙠, 䭾, 𩫈, 𩵥, 𩿁, 默(黙), 鼣, 𫜤
• 𩿛, 𩡷, 宊, 𦬫, 戾, 𦊅, 突, 哭, 类, 𥬇, 臭, 𦬦, 𩬇, 𧱾, 厌, 𤴻, 𪊏, 𬮇(𬮝)

• KangXi: page 705, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20234
• Dae Jaweon: page 1118, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1331, character 1
• Unihan data for U+72AC

Historical forms of the character 犬
Shang		Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) – the side view of a dog.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n (“dog”).

This common Sino-Tibetan word has been replaced by 狗 (OC *koːʔ) in most topolects except Min Dong, such as Fuzhou kēng. In other topolects, this word is mainly found in compounds and not used alone.

A dog (a Labrador)

犬

1. (formal or in compounds or Min Dong, Waxiang, dialectal Wu) dog

   警犬  ―  jǐngquǎn  ―  police dog

   • 效馬效羊者右牽之；效犬者左牽之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     效马效羊者右牵之；效犬者左牵之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Xiào mǎ xiào yáng zhě yòu qiān zhī; xiào quǎn zhě zuǒ qiān zhī. [Pinyin]

     He who is presenting a horse or a sheep should lead it with his right hand. He who is presenting a dog should lead it with his left hand.

• Bai: *qʰuaŋ²

• “犬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學／香港中文大学 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

• Victor Mair, "Of dogs and Old Sinitic reconstructions" on Language Log (March 7, 2018)

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. a dog
2. the dog radical (いぬ)

• Go-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)^{←けん (ken, historical)←くゑん (kwen, ancient)}
• Kan-on: けん (ken, Jōyō)^{←けん (ken, historical)←くゑん (kwen, ancient)}
• Kun: いぬ (inu, 犬, Jōyō)

犬 (inu): various kinds of dog.

From Old Japanese. Derivation uncertain. Various theories exist, including derivation from ancient verb 往ぬ (inu, “to leave, to be gone”), from the way a dog will guard the house while the master is away; from a compound of 家 (ie, “house, home”) + 寝 (nu, “to sleep”, ancient monosyllabic form of modern 寝る neru); from ancient Japanese 狗 (enu, “puppy, dog”), itself of uncertain derivation; or as a borrowing from some other unknown language.

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) いぬ​ [ìnúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [inɯ̟ᵝ]

• Audio

  (file)

犬(いぬ) • (inu)  (counter 匹)

1. dog, canine

   犬(いぬ)に毎(まい)日(にち)餌(えさ)を上(あ)げて下(くだ)さい。

   Inu ni mainichi esa o agete kudasai.

   Please feed the dog every day.

2. servant; one who is loyal (like a dog)

   会長(かいちょう)の犬(いぬ)

   kaichō no inu

   a servant of the president

3. spy

   敵軍(てきぐん)の犬(いぬ)

   tekigun no inu

   a spy of the hostile army

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as イヌ.

• (servant, spy): 走(そう)狗(く) (sōku), 手(て)先(さき) (tesaki)

• → Yami: ino

From Middle Chinese 犬 (MC kʰwen^X).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kjʌ̹n]
• Phonetic hangul: [견]

Wikisource 犬 (eumhun 개 견 (gae gyeon))

1. Hanja form^? of 견 (“dog”). [noun; affix]

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

犬 (hiragana いん, romaji in)

Cognate with Japanese 犬 (inu).

犬 (hiragana いん, romaji in)

1. dog

犬 (hiragana いん, romaji in)

Cognate with Japanese 犬 (inu).

犬 (hiragana いん, romaji in)

1. dog

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

• Kun: いん (in, 犬)

Cognate with Japanese 犬 (inu).

• IPA^(key): [ʔiŋ̍]

犬 (hiragana いん, rōmaji in)

1. dog (Canis familiaris); domestic dog

• “いん【犬】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

犬 (hiragana いん, romaji in)

Cognate with Japanese 犬 (inu).

犬 (hiragana いん, romaji in)

1. dog

犬: Hán Việt readings: khuyển[1][2]
犬: Nôm readings: khuyển[1][3][4], chó[2]

1. Nôm form of chó (“dog”).