jrj

Verb:

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iri/
  • Conventional anglicization: iri

 3ae inf.

1. (transitive) to do, to act (+ r: against (someone); + n: for; + ḥnꜥ: with)
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 20–21:

     jr r.k m ḫrt-jb.k swrd pw ḏd n.k

     Well, do whatever you want (literally, “as your desire”).[1] It’s tiring to talk to you.

   • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) line 2.2:

     nj rḫ.n.tw ḫprt jrrt nṯr ḫft ḫsf.f

     One cannot know what might come to be or what the god might do when he punishes.

   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 22:

     jr ḏwt r šd-ḫrw wd qn zp.f spr(.w) r.f

     Evil has been done to the Disturber (Set), he who committed violence; his misdeed has caught up with him.

2. (transitive) to make (+ r: for (a place))
   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 14–15:

     ꜣst ꜣḫt nḏt sn.s ḥḥt sw jwtt b(ꜣ)gg.s pẖrt tꜣ pn m ḥꜣyt nj ḫn.n.s nj gm.tw.s sw jrt šwt m šwwt.s sḫprt ṯꜣw m ḏnḥwj.s jrt hnw mjnt sn.s

     capable Isis who saved her brother, who sought him without wearying, who circled this land in mourning, not alighting so long as he was not found, who made shade with her feathers, who brought about breath with her wings, who made acclamation, a mooring-post for her brother

   • c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, lines 1–2:

     st n.j jrw.n.j sšm wj ḫprw m ḥꜥw.j

     Illuminate for me, those whom I made! Lead me, those who came into being through my flesh!

3. (transitive) to acquire
4. (transitive) to beget (children)
   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 16–17:

     
     

     sṯzt nnw n(j) wrd(w)-jb ḫnpt mw.f jrt jwꜥw šdt nḫn m wꜥꜥw nj rḫ bw.f jm bst sw ꜥ.f nḫtw m ẖnw wsḫt gbb

     who raised the limpness of the weary-hearted, who took in his water (semen), who made an heir, who suckled the child in solitude where his location was unknown, who introduced him when his arm grew strong into the hall of Geb.

5. (transitive) to pass (time), to spend (time)
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 41–45:

     jr.n.j ḫmtw hrw wꜥ.kw jb.j m snnw.j sḏr.kw m ẖnw n(j) kꜣp n(j) ḫt qnj.n.j šwyt

     I spent three days alone, my heart my only companion (literally, “my second”), lying inside a shelter of wood, having embraced the shadows.

6. (transitive) to act as (a function)
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 183–184:

     ꜥḥꜥ.n ḏd.f n.j m jr(w) jqr ḫnms

     Then he said to me, Don’t act so high-minded (literally, “Don’t act the excellent one”), friend.

   • c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 13–14:

     jr.n snt.f mkt.f sḥr{y}t ḫrww sḥmt zpw šd-ḫrw m ꜣḫw r(ꜣ).s

     His sister has served as his protector, she who drove off the enemies, who put an end to the deeds of the Disturber (Set) by the magical prowess of her mouth

7. (transitive) to cultivate (plants), to work (fields)
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 49–50:

     kꜣw jm ḥnꜥ nq(ꜥ)wt sšpt mj jr.t(w).s

     Unripe sycamore figs were there along with ripe ones, and muskmelons as if cultivated.

8. (Late Egyptian, transitive, with prefixed j. and following infinitive) forms the imperfective active participle
9. (Late Egyptian, transitive, with prefixed j. and following infinitive) forms the perfective active and passive participles, initially of verbs with four or more radicals, but after the New Kingdom increasingly of other verbs as well

• Demotic: jr(y)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲓⲣⲓ (iri)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲓⲗⲓ (ili)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲓⲣⲉ (ire)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲣⲉ (eire)

r (“regarding, with respect to”) +‎ -j (“adverbializing suffix”).

1. regarding it, with respect to it, concerning it, thereto
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 21–23:

     sḏd.j r.f n.k mjtt jrj ḫpr(.w) m-ꜥ.j ḏs.j

     Even so, let me recount to you something similar to this that happened to me myself.

2. (after a preposition) Forms prepositional adverbs from certain prepositions.

From r (“regarding, with respect to”) +‎ -j (“nisba ending”). The noun is simply a nominalized use of the nisba adjective.

1. pertaining to, relating to, belonging to

 m

1. one pertaining to
2. keeper, guardian
3. duty

• Bohairic Coptic: ⲏⲣ (ēr)
• Old Coptic: ⲣⲉⲓ (rei)

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 95, 456 page 91, 95, 456.
• Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 66
• Selden, Daniel L (2013) Hieroglyphic Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Literature of the Middle Kingdom, first edition, Berkley: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 74, 79, 225, 301, 337, 341, 342, 344, 351