ilma

See also: Ilma

Estonian

Preposition

ilma

  1. (governs the abessive) without

Noun

ilma

  1. genitive singular of ilm
  2. partitive singular of ilm
  3. illative singular of ilm

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *ilma (“air, sky, weather”), from Proto-Uralic *ilma (“sky, weather, god”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈilmɑ/, [ˈilmɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ilmɑ
  • Syllabification(key): il‧ma

Noun

ilma

  1. air
    • 1849 Kalevala (Translation 1988 by Eino Friberg) 1:107-112:
      Olipa impi, ilman tyttö,
      She, the virgin of the air
  2. weather
    Millainen ilma tänään on?
    How is the weather today?
    Synonym: sää

Declension
Inflection of ilma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative ilma ilmat
genitive ilman ilmojen
partitive ilmaa ilmoja
illative ilmaan ilmoihin
singular plural
nominative ilma ilmat
accusative nom. ilma ilmat
gen. ilman
genitive ilman ilmojen
ilmainrare
partitive ilmaa ilmoja
inessive ilmassa ilmoissa
elative ilmasta ilmoista
illative ilmaan ilmoihin
adessive ilmalla ilmoilla
ablative ilmalta ilmoilta
allative ilmalle ilmoille
essive ilmana ilmoina
translative ilmaksi ilmoiksi
instructive — ilmoin
abessive ilmatta ilmoitta
comitative — ilmoineen
Possessive forms of ilma (type kala)
possessor singular plural
1st person ilmani ilmamme
2nd person ilmasi ilmanne
3rd person ilmansa

Derived terms

Compounds
compounds

See also

Anagrams

Icelandic

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɪlma/
  • Rhymes: -ɪlma

Verb

ilma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative ilmaði, supine ilmað)

  1. (intransitive) to smell pleasant, to give off a pleasant scent

Conjugation
ilma — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að ilma
supine
(sagnbót)		 ilmað
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 ilmandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég ilma við ilmum present
(nútíð)		 ég ilmi við ilmum
þú ilmar þið ilmið þú ilmir þið ilmið
hann, hún, það ilmar þeir, þær, þau ilma hann, hún, það ilmi þeir, þær, þau ilmi
past
(þátíð)		 ég ilmaði við ilmuðum past
(þátíð)		 ég ilmaði við ilmuðum
þú ilmaðir þið ilmuðuð þú ilmaðir þið ilmuðuð
hann, hún, það ilmaði þeir, þær, þau ilmuðu hann, hún, það ilmaði þeir, þær, þau ilmuðu
imperative
(boðháttur)		 ilma (þú) ilmið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
ilmaðu ilmiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

Synonyms
  • (to smell pleasant): anga

Derived terms
  • ilmandi (“pleasant-smelling”)
  • ilmur (“pleasant scent”)

Ingrian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *ilma, from Proto-Uralic *ilma. Cognates include Finnish ilma and Estonian ilm.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈilmɑ/, [ˈiɫm]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈilmɑ/, [ˈiɫmɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ilmɑ
  • Hyphenation: il‧ma

Noun

ilma

  1. weather
    • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 29:
      Egle oli hyvä ilma.
      Yesterday the weather was good.
Declension
Declension of ilma (type 3/kana, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative ilma ilmat
genitive ilman ilmoin
partitive ilmaa ilmoja
illative ilmaa ilmoi
inessive ilmaas ilmois
elative ilmast ilmoist
allative ilmalle ilmoille
adessive ilmaal ilmoil
ablative ilmalt ilmoilt
translative ilmaks ilmoiks
essive ilmanna, ilmaan ilmoinna, ilmoin
exessive1) ilmant ilmoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈilmɑ/, [ˈiɫm]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈilmɑ/, [ˈiɫmɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ilmɑ
  • Hyphenation: il‧ma

Preposition

ilma (+ partitive)

  1. Alternative form of ilman
    • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:
      Määk siä șkouluu - sanoi Semon däädä, ilma sinnua saamma aikoo.
      Go to school - said uncle Semon, we'll get by without you.

References
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 91
  • Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎, →ISBN, page 15

Maltese

Etymology

From Arabic الْمَاء (al-māʾ), from مَاء‎ (māʾ, “water”) with fused definite article اَل‎ (al-).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɪl.ma/

Noun

ilma m (plural ilmijiet)

  1. water
    ilma baħar ― sea water
    ilma ċar ― clear water
    ilma effervixxenti ― fizzy water
    ilma fin ― pure water
    ilma ġieri ― running water
    ilma ħelu ― fresh water
    ilma kiesaħ ― cold water
    ilma mbierek ― holy water
    ilma mieġi ― brackish water
    ilma qiegħed ― stagnant water
    ilma minerali ― mineral water

Derived terms

Oromo

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Somali ilmo (“child(ren)”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɪlmɐ/

Noun

ilma

  1. son

Võro

Etymology

Genitive singular form of ilm.

Preposition

ilma

  1. without

Derived terms

Votic

Etymology

Compare Estonian ilma, Finnish ilman and Ingrian ilman.

Pronunciation
  • (Luuditsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈilmɑː/, [ˈiɫmɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ilmɑː
  • Hyphenation: il‧ma

Preposition

ilma

  1. (~ + partitive) without

Noun

ilma

  1. inflection of ilmõ:
    1. genitive singular
    2. partitive singular
    3. illative singular

References
  • V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “ilmaa”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn
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