duch

See also: Duch and dúch

Czech

Etymology

From Old Czech duch, from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈdux]
  • Rhymes: -ux

Noun

duch m anim

  1. spirit
  2. ghost (disembodied soul)

Declension

(spirit):

Declension of duch
singular plural
nominative duch duchy
genitive ducha duchů
dative duchu duchům
accusative duch, ducha duchy
vocative duchu duchy
locative duchu duších, duchách
instrumental duchem duchy

(ghost):

Declension of duch
singular plural
nominative duch duchové
genitive ducha duchů
dative duchu, duchovi duchům
accusative ducha duchy
vocative duchu duchové
locative duchu, duchovi duších, duchách
instrumental duchem duchy

Derived terms

Further reading
  • duch in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • duch in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • duch in Internetová jazyková příručka

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /dux/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ux
  • Syllabification: duch

Noun

duch m anim (diminutive duszek)

  1. ghost (spirit appearing after death)
    Wierzysz w duchy? ― Do you believe in ghosts?
  2. spirit
  3. spirit, enthusiasm for something

Declension
Declension of duch
singular plural
nominative duch duchy
genitive ducha duchów
dative duchowi duchom
accusative ducha duchy
instrumental duchem duchami
locative duchu duchach
vocative duchu duchy

Derived terms
adjectives
nouns
verbs
  • uduchowiać impf, uduchowić pf
  • uduchowniać impf, uduchownić pf
adjective
nouns
verbs

Further reading
  • duch in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • duch in Polish dictionaries at PWN
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