achar
English
Alternative forms
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician and Old Portuguese achar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin afflare (“blow”). Cognate with Portuguese achar, Asturian afayar and Spanish hallar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aˈt͡ʃaɾ/
Verb
achar (first-person singular present acho, first-person singular preterite achei, past participle achado)
- (transitive, now rare) to find, come upon
- 1555, Hernán Nunez, Refranes en Romance:
- Ala me leue Deus, donde ache dos meus
- May God take me to places where I come upon my people
- Ala me leue Deus, donde ache dos meus
- Synonym: atopar
- 1555, Hernán Nunez, Refranes en Romance:
- (transitive, dated) to find, find out; to think
- c1295, R. Lorenzo (ed.), La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla. Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 806:
- prouarõ tres escaleyras de fuste et acharõnas curtas; et desi atarõnas a hũa cõ a outra et deytarõnas a hũa torre
- they tried three wooden ladders but found them too short; and so they tied them together and leaned them against a tower
- c1295, R. Lorenzo (ed.), La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla. Ourense: I.E.O.P.F., page 806:
Conjugation
singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
impersonal | achar | |||||
personal | achar | achares | achar | acharmos | achardes | acharen |
Gerund | ||||||
achando | ||||||
Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
masculine | achado | achados | ||||
feminine | achada | achadas | ||||
Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
present | acho | achas | acha | achamos | achades | achan |
imperfect | achaba | achabas | achaba | achabamos | achabades | achaban |
preterite | achei | achaches | achou | achamos | achastes | acharon |
pluperfect | achara | acharas | achara | acharamos | acharades | acharan |
future | acharei | acharás | achará | acharemos | acharedes | acharán |
conditional | acharía | acharías | acharía | achariamos | achariades | acharían |
Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
present | ache | aches | ache | achemos | achedes | achen |
preterite | achase | achases | achase | achásemos | achásedes | achasen |
future | achar | achares | achar | acharmos | achardes | acharen |
Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
affirmative | – | acha | ache | achemos | achade | achen |
negative | – | aches | ache | achemos | achedes | achen |
Derived terms
References
- “achar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “achar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “achar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “achar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “achar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish ochair (“edge”), from Proto-Celtic *okris, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂óḱris (compare Latin ocris (“rugged mountain”), Ancient Greek ὄκρις (ókris, “sharp edge”)), from *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaxəɾˠ/
Noun
achar m (genitive singular achair)
- distance, extent
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 7:
- ḱē n t-axr̥, ə tā ən drehəd šin æš šo?
- conventional orthography: Cén t-achar atá an droichead sin as seo?
- What distance (i.e. how far) is that bridge from here?
- conventional orthography:
- ḱē n t-axr̥, ə tā ən drehəd šin æš šo?
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 7:
- period of time
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 8:
- ə wakə tū n bĭaiəx ūd lomsə, a çȧn̄ə mē tā axr̥ gȧŕəȷ?
- conventional orthography: An bhfaca tú an beithíoch úd liomsa a cheannaigh mé tá achar gairid?
- Did you see that cow of mine that I bought a short time ago?
- conventional orthography:
- ə wakə tū n bĭaiəx ūd lomsə, a çȧn̄ə mē tā axr̥ gȧŕəȷ?
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 8:
- (geometry) area
Declension
First declension
Bare forms (no plural of this noun)
|
Forms with the definite article:
|
Derived terms
- Achar an Dá Lá Dhéag (“the Twelve Days of Christmas; Epiphany”)
Mutation
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
achar | n-achar | hachar | t-achar |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*akro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 28
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “ochair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “achar”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 3
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “achar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “achar” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “achar” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- “achar”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
Old Irish
Declension
o/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | achar | achar | achar |
Vocative | achair* achar** | ||
Accusative | achar | achair | |
Genitive | achair | achrae, achaire | achair |
Dative | achur | achair | achur |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | achair | achra | |
Vocative | achru achra† | ||
Accusative | achru achra† | ||
Genitive | achar | ||
Dative | achraib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
achar | unchanged | n-achar |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /aˈʃa(ʁ)/ [aˈʃa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /aˈʃa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /aˈʃa(ʁ)/ [aˈʃa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /aˈʃa(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐˈʃaɾ/
- (Northern Portugal) {{IPA|pt|[[ɐˈt͡ʃaɾ]}}
- (Rural Central Brazil) IPA(key): /ɐˈʃa(ɹ)/
- Hyphenation: a‧char
Etymology 1
From Old Portuguese achar, from Latin afflāre. Cognate with Galician achar and Spanish hallar.
Verb
achar (first-person singular present acho, first-person singular preterite achei, past participle achado)
- (transitive) to find; to encounter (to come across something that was unknown or had been lost)
- Synonym: encontrar
- Preciso de achar as chaves da minha casa.
- I need to find the keys to my house.
- Nenhum dos estudantes achou a resposta correta.
- None of the students found the correct answer.
- (ditransitive, copulative for the second object) to find; to consider (to have the opinion that a given thing has the given quality)
- Synonym: considerar
- Eu acho essa casa muito feia.
- I find that house very ugly.
- Acharam o filme interessante.
- They found the film interesting.
- (ditransitive, copulative for the second object) to find (to come across something in the given state)
- Synonym: encontrar
- Caminhei até a vila e achei-a inundada.
- I walked to the village and found it flooded.
- (transitive with que) to think; to think that (to have the given opinion)
- (transitive with de) to think of (to have an opinion regarding the worth of someone or something)
- Synonym: pensar
- O que acharam do novo livro?
- What did they think of the new book?
- Me diga o que você acha.
- Let me know what you think.
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, copulative) to be (in the given state or condition)
- (slang, takes a reflexive pronoun) to be arrogant or act arrogantly; to think too highly of oneself
- Aquele otário está se achando com seu carro rebaixado.
- That sucker is being arrogant with his lowrider.
Conjugation
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | achar | |||||
Personal | achar | achares | achar | acharmos | achardes | acharem |
Gerund | ||||||
achando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | achado | achados | ||||
Feminine | achada | achadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | acho | achas | acha | achamos | achais | acham |
Imperfect | achava | achavas | achava | achávamos | acháveis | achavam |
Preterite | achei | achaste | achou | achamos1, achámos2 | achastes | acharam |
Pluperfect | achara | acharas | achara | acháramos | acháreis | acharam |
Future | acharei | acharás | achará | acharemos | achareis | acharão |
Conditional | ||||||
acharia | acharias | acharia | acharíamos | acharíeis | achariam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | ache | aches | ache | achemos | acheis | achem |
Imperfect | achasse | achasses | achasse | achássemos | achásseis | achassem |
Future | achar | achares | achar | acharmos | achardes | acharem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | acha | ache | achemos | achai | achem | |
Negative (não) | não aches | não ache | não achemos | não acheis | não achem |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:achar.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:achar.
Further reading
- “achar” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.