aby

aby

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Aneme Wake.

• abye, abuy, abie

From Middle English abyen, abien, abiggen, from Old English ābyċġan (“to buy; pay for; buy off; requite; recompense; redeem; perform; execute”), from Proto-Germanic *uzbugjaną, equivalent to a- +‎ buy. Cognate with Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌱𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (usbugjan).[1] Not related to abide.

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /əˈbaɪ/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪ

aby (simple past and past participle abought, no other forms attested in Modern English)

1. (transitive)
   1. (archaic) To pay the penalty for (something); to atone for, to make amends. [from 12th c.]

      Synonym: make up

   2. (archaic, figuratively) To pay (something) as a penalty; to suffer (something). [from 12th c.]

      Synonym: sustain

      • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto IV”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, stanza 38, page 455:

        Who dyes the vtmoſt dolor doth abye, / But who that liues, is lefte to waile his loſſe: / So life is loſſe, and death felicity.

      • 1870, William Morris, “February: Bellerophon in Lycia”, in The Earthly Paradise: A Poem, part IV, London: F[rederick] S[tartridge] Ellis, […], OCLC 51004898, page 339:

        We doubt thee not; / Thy tale seems true, nor dost thou glorify / Thyself herein—certes thou wouldst abye / A heavy fate if thou shouldst lie herein— […]

   3. (obsolete except Scotland) To endure or tolerate (something); to experience. [from 16th c.][2]

      Synonyms: brook, go on, hold on, put up with; see also Thesaurus:persist, Thesaurus:tolerate

      • 1892, Robert Louis Stevenson, “The Wood by Silvermills”, in Catriona, London; Edinburgh: Thomas Nelson & Sons, OCLC 976747732, page 131:

        The muckle black deil was father to the Frasers, a'body kens that; and as for the Gregara, I never could abye the reek of them since I could stotter on two feet.

   4. (obsolete) To pay for (something); to buy. [12th–16th c.]

      Synonyms: procure, purchase; see also Thesaurus:buy

2. (intransitive, obsolete)
   1. To pay the penalty; to atone. [12th–16th c.]

      Synonyms: expiate, propitiate

   2. To endure; to remain. [14th–16th c.]
      • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, stanza 3, pages 494–495:

        So long as breath, and hable puiſſaunce / Did natiue corage vnto him ſupply, / His pace he freſhly forward did aduaunce, / And carried her beyond all ieopardy, / But nought that wanteth reſt, can long aby.

• Bay, YBA, bay

• IPA^(key): [ˈabɪ]

aby

1. so that, in order to, so

• abych
• abychom
• abys
• abyste

• aby in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• aby in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Univerbation of až (“that”) +‎ by (“would”)

• IPA^(key): /ˈabɨ/

aby (defective, invariable)

1. that… would

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “aby”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999), “aby”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *aby. By surface analysis, a univerbation of a +‎ by. First attested in the 15th century.

aby

1. to, in order to, so that (connects sentences either to express the goal of a speaker, when the speaker wishes to communicate a command or wish) [+past tense = to do what]
2. even though, although
3. if

aby

1. may, I wish, if only

• Polish: aby

• K. Nitsch, editor (1953), “aby”, in Słownik staropolski (in Old Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 10

Inherited from Old Polish aby, from Proto-Slavic *aby. By surface analysis, a univerbation of a +‎ by. First attested in the 15th century.[1]

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.bɨ/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -abɨ
• Syllabification: a‧by

aby

1. to, in order to, so that (connects sentences either to express the goal of a speaker, when the speaker wishes to communicate a command or wish) [+past tense = to do what]

   Synonyms: by, żeby, ażeby

   Mówię po to, aby nie było cicho. ― I am speaking so that it isn't quiet.

   Chcę, abyś jutro przyszedł. ― I want you to come tomorrow.

2. to (used to connect a sequence of actions) [+infintive = to do what]

   Synonyms: by, żeby, ażeby

   Usiadł, aby znowu wstać. ― He sat down to get right back up again.

3. so long as (used to express a wish for anything) [+past tense = to do what]

   Zrób to byle jak, aby szybciej ― Do it any which way, as long as it's faster.

4. (colloquial) introduces doubt from the speaker

   Aby tam będzie? ― Do you really think he'll be there?

5. just to, for the sake of

   Czytał aby czytał ― He read just to read

• aby in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• aby in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “aby”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2022
• “ABY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 07.05.2008
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814), “aby”, in Słownik języka polskiego, volume 1, page 3
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “aby”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “aby”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 4

aby

1. Doric form of abye (“ago, past”)

• “aby” in Eagle, Andy, editor, The Online Scots Dictionary, 2016.