< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/baba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic
*bàba (sense 1) i vъnùkъ
*bàby (sense 6)

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bā́ˀbāˀ, from nursery language.

Noun

*bàba f[1][2][3][4][5]

  1. grandmother
    Synonyms: *babъka, *babica
  2. old woman
    Synonyms: *babъka, *babica
    1. → (figuratively) various objects used for hammering in, inserting, plugging
    2. → (figuratively) various objects used as a base, support (like a backrest)
    3. → (figuratively) various objects used for linking, connecting, binding together
    4. → (figuratively) various small, worthless items
    5. → (figuratively) heap of hay, grain; sheaf
    6. → babka (a type of ceremonial bread)
      Synonyms: *babъka, *babica
    7. → (figuratively) names of various species of mushrooms
    8. → (possibly) great white pelican (any bird of the genus Pelecanus onocrotalus)
  3. woman
    Synonyms: *babъka, *babica, *žena
  4. midwife
    Synonyms: *babъka, *babica
  5. sorceress, witch, hex
    Synonyms: *vědьma, *čarovьnica
    *baba ęga ― Baba Yaga
    *ęga baba ― Baba Yaga
    1. → (figuratively) names of various butterflies
    2. → (figuratively) names of various plants
  6. (North Slavic, astronomy, in the plural) Pleiades (star cluster)
    Synonym: *babъky

Declension
Declension of *bàba (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *bàba *bàbě *bàby
Accusative *bàbǫ *bàbě *bàby
Genitive *bàby *bàbu *bàbъ
Locative *bàbě *bàbu *bàbasъ, *bàbaxъ*
Dative *bàbě *bàbama *bàbamъ
Instrumental *bàbojǫ, *bàbǭ** *bàbama *bàbamī
Vocative *bàbo *bàbě *bàby
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
nouns
verbs
adjectives
  • *babinъ (“pertaining to old woman”)
  • *babьjь (“pertaining to old woman”)
  • *babьskъ (“pertaining to woman”)
nouns

Descendants

See also
Proto-Slavic family terms
*sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) Male Female
parent *otъ, *otьcь (“father”)
nursery: *tata		 *mati (“mother”)
nursery: *mama
sibling *bratrъ (“brother”) *sestra (“sister”)
child *synъ (“son”) *dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent – (“grandfather”)
nursery: *dědъ; *nana		 *ova (“grandmother”)
nursery: *baba; *nena
grandchild *vъnukъ (“grandson”) *vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) *maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling *strъjь (“paternal uncle”)
nursery: *dada; *lola		 – (“paternal aunt”)
nursery: *teta; *lelja
mother's sibling *ujь (“maternal uncle”)
nursery: *dada; *lola		 – (“maternal aunt”)
nursery: *teta; *lelja
sibling's child *netьjь (“nephew”) *nestera (“niece”)
spouse *mǫžь (“husband”) *žena (“wife”)
parent of wife *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother – *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)

References
  1. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*baba”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 105
  2. Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “*baba”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: National Ossoliński Institute, page 169
  3. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bàba”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 32: “f. ā (a) ‘old woman’”
  4. Olander, Thomas (2001), “baba -y”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 22, 69, 166, 199; PR 132; MP 17; RPT 110)”
  5. Dybo, Vladimir A.; Zamyatina, Galina I.; Nikolaev, Sergei L. (1990) Основы славянской акцентологии [Fundamentals of Slavic Accentology]‎ (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 42

Further reading
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