< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/allaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *h₂elnós, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (beyond, other).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑl.lɑz/

Determiner

*allaz[1]

  1. all
  2. whole, entire

Inflection

In compound words, the stem *ala- was apparently used instead of the regular *alla-. This might be evidence of an older heteroclitic or perhaps n-stem paradigm, in which *aln- became *all-.


Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *all
    • Old English: eall, æall, eal, all
      • Middle English: all, al
        • English: all
          • Northumbrian: aal
        • Scots: a', a, aw; aa, aal
        • Yola: aul, aal, all, al
    • Old Frisian: all
      • Saterland Frisian: al, aal
      • West Frisian: al
    • Old Saxon: al
      • Middle Low German: al, alle
        • German Low German: all, alle (Münsterländisch; Sauerländisch), olle (Paderbornisch)
    • Old Dutch: al, ol
      • Middle Dutch: al
        • Dutch: al
          • Afrikaans: al
        • Limburgish: al
    • Old High German: al
  • Old Norse: allr
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐍃 (alls)

Further reading

  • Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

References

  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*alla-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 23
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.