-ize

• (General American) IPA^(key): /-aɪz/

According to the Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, "it is unstressed (though strong) in Received Pronunciation and General American, but sometimes stressed in other varieties".

From Middle English -isen, from Middle French -iser, from Medieval Latin -izō, from Ancient Greek -ίζω (-ízō), from Proto-Indo-European *-idyé- (verbal suffix). Cognate with Gothic -𐌹𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (-itjan, verbal suffix), Old High German -izzen (verbal suffix), Old English -ettan (verbal suffix). Also see notes.

• -ise (non-Oxford British spelling)

-ize

1. Used to form verbs from nouns or adjectives
   1. to make what is denoted by the noun/adjective

      ‎pixel + ‎-ize → ‎pixelize

   2. to do what is denoted by the noun/adjective

      ‎cannibal + ‎-ize → ‎cannibalize

• The suffix -ize has historically been used on words originating from Greek. -ise was used, especially as -vise, -tise, -cise, and -prise, on words that come from various roots (usually via French). In the 19th century, it became common in the United Kingdom (due to French influence) to use -ise also on words that had historically been spelled -ize. -ise is also common in Ireland, India, Australia, and New Zealand. -ize remains, however, the spelling used by the influential Oxford University Press in such cases; it has also always been the spelling used in the United States and Canada.

• -izer, -ization

See -ise (noun-forming suffix).

-ize

1. Alternative form of -ise (“suffix used to form nouns”)

   ‎palliard + ‎-ize → ‎palliardize