菌

菌 U+83CC, 菌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83CC
← 菋
[U+83CB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 菍 →
[U+83CD]
菌 U+2F9A2, 菌
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F9A2
← 菊
[U+2F9A1] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 菜 →
[U+2F9A3]

Translingual

Han character

菌 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿田竹木 (TWHD), four-corner 44600, composition ⿱艹囷)

References

Chinese
trad. 菌
simp. # 菌
alternative forms 蔨

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (囷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
菌 *ɡonʔ, *ɡrunʔ
麇 *krun
麕 *krun
囷 *kʰrun, *ɡrun
箘 *kʰrun, *ɡrunʔ
攈 *kuns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡonʔ, *ɡrunʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 囷 (OC *kʰrun, *ɡrun).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-r(i/u)n (“mushroom; fungus”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

菌

  1. general term for various kinds of organisms, including bacteria (細菌／细菌 (xìjūn)), fungus (真菌 (zhēnjūn)), etc.
    抑菌  ―  yìjūn  ―  to inhibit bacteria
    有好多菌 [Cantonese]  ―  jau5 hou2 do1 kwan2 [Jyutping]  ―  have lots of bacteria; be germy

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 菌 菌
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 眞 (45) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 渠殞切 求晚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiuɪnX/ /ɡʉɐnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡʷᵚinX/ /ɡʷiɐnX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiuenX/ /ɡiuɐnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gjinX/ /guanX/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjuĕnX/ /ɡiuɐnX/
Wang
Li		 /ɡǐĕnX/ /ɡĭwɐnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯ĕnX/ /gi̯wɐnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jùn juàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gwan6 gyun6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 菌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jùn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gwinX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]runʔ/
English mushroom

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 菌 菌
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 10746 10752
Phonetic
component		 囷 囷
Rime
group		 元 文
Rime
subdivision		 3 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 𧯦 窘
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡonʔ/ /*ɡrunʔ/
Notes 原列軫韻

Definitions

菌

  1. mushroom
    • 朝菌不知晦朔，蟪蛄不知春秋，此小年也。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
      From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
      Cháojūn bùzhī huìshuò, huìgū bùzhī chūnqiū, cǐ xiǎonián yě. [Pinyin]
      The mushroom of a morning does not know (what takes place between) the beginning and end of a month; the short-lived cicada does not know (what takes place between) the spring and autumn.
  2. Alternative form of 箘 (jùn, “bamboo shoots”).
  3. a surname

Compounds
Derived terms from 菌

Japanese

Kanji
菌

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

菌 (eumhun 버섯 균 (beoseot gyun))

  1. Hanja form? of 균 (“mushroom”).
  2. Hanja form? of 균 (“germ, microbe”).

Vietnamese

Han character

菌: Hán Nôm readings: khuẩn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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