桶

桶 U+6876, 桶
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6876
← 桵
[U+6875] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 桷 →
[U+6877]

Translingual

Han character

桶 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 木弓戈月 (DNIB), four-corner 47927, composition ⿰木甬)

Derived characters
  • 𮅸

References
  • KangXi: page 527, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14811
  • Dae Jaweon: page 916, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1222, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6876

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 桶

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (用) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
通 *l̥ʰoːŋ
俑 *l̥ʰoːŋ, *loŋʔ
蓪 *l̥ʰoːŋ
桶 *l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ
捅 *l̥ʰoːŋʔ
痛 *l̥ʰoːŋs
筩 *l'oːŋ
誦 *ljoŋs
傭 *l̥ʰoŋ, *loŋ
慵 *ɦljoŋ
鱅 *ɦljoŋ, *loŋ
滽 *loŋ
墉 *loŋ
鏞 *loŋ
鄘 *loŋ
槦 *loŋ
銿 *loŋ
甬 *loŋʔ
勇 *loŋʔ
涌 *loŋʔ
踊 *loŋʔ
蛹 *loŋʔ
恿 *loŋʔ
慂 *loŋʔ
悀 *loŋʔ
埇 *loŋʔ
踴 *loŋʔ
庸 *loŋ
用 *loŋs
佣 *loŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰoːŋʔ, *l'oːŋʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 甬 (OC *loŋʔ).

Etymology

Compare Khmer ថាំង (thang), Thai ถัง (tǎng).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • tháng - vernacular;
  • thóng - literary.
Rime
Character 桶 桶
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 透 (6) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 東 (1) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 他孔切 徒揔切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰuŋX/ /duŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰuŋX/ /duŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰuŋX/ /duŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰəwŋX/ /dəwŋX/
Li
Rong		 /tʰuŋX/ /duŋX/
Wang
Li		 /tʰuŋX/ /duŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰuŋX/ /dʱuŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tǒng dòng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 tung2 dung6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 桶
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tǒng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ thuwngX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ˁoŋʔ/
English bucket

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 桶 桶
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 15431 15435
Phonetic
component		 用 用
Rime
group		 東 東
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 侗 動
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ʰoːŋʔ/ /*l'oːŋʔ/

Definitions

桶

  1. pail; bucket; tub
  2. cask; keg
  3. barrel (unit)
  4. (Philippines Hokkien) million
    一桶 [Philippine Hokkien]  ―  chi̍t-tháng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  one million

Synonyms

Compounds
Derived terms from 桶

Japanese

Kanji
桶

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. a tub, a bucket

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
桶
おけ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
麻笥 (uncommon)
桶 (oke): A small oke holding a cat.
桶 (oke): A workman building a large oke.

From Old Japanese. First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759.[1]

Originally a compound of 麻 (o, “flax, ramie”) +‎ 笥 (ke, “a container, especially for foodstuffs or tableware”).[2][3]

Pronunciation

Noun

桶(おけ) • (oke) ←をけ (woke)?

  1. [from 759] a tube-shaped container for holding split flax or hemp, usually made of thin cypress wood bent to shape
  2. [from early 800s] by extension, a pail, bucket, tub, or basin similar to a barrel in construction, made of long thin pieces of cedar or cypress extending up from a base and held in place with hoops; may be small enough to carry in one hand, or large enough to bathe in
  3. [from 1513] (Noh theater) a stool on stage, on which an actor sits
Synonyms
Idioms
Idioms
  • 桶な物打ち明ける (おけなものうちあける, ​oke na mono uchiakeru), 桶の物打ち明ける (おけのものうちあける, ​oke no mono uchiakeru): "open up what's in your bucket" → to come clean to someone, with no hard feelings and no subterfuge
  • 桶が腐れば菜が腐る (おけがくさればながくさる, ​oke ga kusareba na ga kusaru): "if the bucket rots, the greens rot" → if the surrounding is bad, it affects the inside
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 桶(おけ)越(ご)し (okegoshi): using an oke to cross a river
  • 桶(おけ)屋(や) (okeya): a person or store that makes, fixes, and/or sells oke and well walls
  • 桶(おけ)火(び) (okebi): the fire in a hioke
  • 火(ひ)桶(おけ) (hioke): a type of wooden hibachi
  • 桶(おけ)狭(はざ)間(ま) (Okehazama): a place in the south of Midori-ku, Nagoya
  • 桶(おけ)狭(はざ)間(ま)焼(や)き (Okehazama-yaki): a style of pottery originating near Okehazama
  • 桶(おけ)結(ゆ)い (okeyui): tying cord bands around an oke; an oke maker, an okeya
  • 桶(おけ)絞(しぼ)り (okeshibori): a cloth dying process whereby the sections to leave undyed are put into oke and closed in with lids
  • 桶(おけ)酸(す)い (okesui): alternate name for 酢(す)の木(き), 酢木(すのき) (sunoki): Vaccinium smallii, var. glabrum, a bush with edible (though sour) berries
  • 桶(おけ)取(と)り (oketori): a scene in a kyōgen farce presented between Noh plays; a woman working as a water carrier
  • 桶(おけ)尻(じり) (okejiri): the aft edge of the hull of a ship in traditional Japanese shipbuilding
  • 桶(おけ)据(す)え (okesue): the hipbone
  • 桶(おけ)川(がわ) (Okegawa): a river in southeast Saitama Prefecture
  • 桶(おけ)側(がわ) (okegawa): the sides of an oke, the staves; a bowl-shaped container for holding trawling lines on a fishing boat
  • 桶(おけ)側(がわ)胴(どう) (okegawa dō): a type of breastplate made of steel strips bound together, somewhat similar to how okegawa are bound together to make an oke
  • 桶(おけ)大(だい)工(く) (okedaiku): a cooper, a woodworker who specializes in making barrels, oke, and well walls
  • 桶(おけ)胴(どう) (oke dō): alternate name for 桶(おけ)側(がわ)胴(どう) (okegawa dō); a type of taiko drum
  • 桶(おけ)風(ぶ)呂(ろ) (okeburo): an oke fitted with a firebox for heating bathwater: a traditional Japanese wooden ofuro hottub
  • 桶(おけ)伏(ぶ)せ (okebuse): wearing an oke on one's head: a mob punishment in the pleasure districts of early Edo-period Japan, where non-paying customers would be forced to wear an oke on their heads, were sat down on the side of the street, and forced to pay up

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
桶
こが
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
榼 (rare)

Unknown. First cited to a work from the late 1100s.[6]

May be obsolete; not listed in some dictionaries.[3][4][5]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ko̞ɡa̠]

Noun

桶(こが) • (koga) 

  1. [late 1100s—???] (archaic, possibly obsolete) an oke (tub, bucket, basin) or taru (樽, “barrel”)

References
  1. “桶・麻笥”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  5. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  6. “榼・桶”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

桶 • (tong, yong) (hangeul 통, 용, revised tong, yong, McCune–Reischauer t'ong, yong, Yale thong, yong)

  1. (통 통, tong-): barrel, bucket, can, cask, pail, tub, vat, compare ton, Dut. ton ("vat")

Vietnamese

Han character

桶: Hán Nôm readings: thùng

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