桌

See also: 棹
桌 U+684C, 桌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-684C
← 桋
[U+684B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 桍 →
[U+684D]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

桌 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜日木 (YAD), four-corner 21904, composition ⿱⺊杲)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 525, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14766
  • Dae Jaweon: page 914, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1198, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+684C

Chinese
trad. 桌
simp. # 桌
alternative forms 棹
槕

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (卓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
悼 *deːwɢs
淖 *rneːwɢs
罩 *rteːwɢs
鵫 *rteːwɢs, *rdeːwɢ
趠 *rtʰeːwɢs, *rtʰeːwɢ
踔 *rtʰeːwɢs, *rtʰeːwɢ
棹 *rdeːwɢs
鋽 *tʰeːwɢs
掉 *deːwʔ, *deːwɢs, *rneːwɢ
逴 *tʰewɢ, *rtʰeːwɢ
焯 *tjewɢ
綽 *tʰjewɢ
婥 *tʰjewɢ
繛 *tʰjewɢ
卓 *rteːwɢ
桌 *rteːwɢ
倬 *rteːwɢ
啅 *rteːwɢ
晫 *rteːwɢ, *rtʰeːwɢ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rteːwɢ) : phonetic 卓 (OC *rteːwɢ, “high”) + semantic 木 (“tree; wood”) – table. The bottom 十 of 卓 has merged with or been replaced by 木.

Etymology

From 卓 (OC *rteːwɢ, “high”), as tables are relatively tall (compared to other pieces of furniture like 几).

Similar descriptive derivations for pieces of furniture include: 登 (“to climb”) > 凳 (“stool”); 倚 (“to lean”) > 椅 (“chair”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • toh - vernacular;
  • tok - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 桌
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂuo⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂuo⁴⁴/
/t͡suo⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂuo²¹/
/t͡suo²¹/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂuə²¹³/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂuə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂuo²⁴/
Xi'an /p͡fo²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂuə¹³/
Lanzhou /p͡fə¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡suɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡suo²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡so³¹/
Guiyang /t͡so²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂo³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂoʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡suaʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡suʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡suaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡soʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡soʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡soʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡so⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡so²⁴/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂo²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sok̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰœk̚³/
Nanning /t͡sœk̚³³/
Hong Kong /t͡sœk̚³/
/t͡sʰœk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tɔk̚³²/
/toʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /toʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdo⁵⁵/
/so³¹/ 訓床
Rime
Character 桌
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 江 (10)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 竹角切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʈˠʌk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈᵚɔk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȶɔk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈaɨwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ȶɔk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ȶɔk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȶɔk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhuo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zok3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 桌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhuō
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ træwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˁrawk/ (no pre-Qín exx.)
English table

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 桌
Reading # 1/1
No. 17767
Phonetic
component		 卓
Rime
group		 藥
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 斲
Old
Chinese		 /*rteːwɢ/
Notes 卓古文，又今義亦卓晚起分化字

Definitions

桌

  1. table; desk; stand
    杯子在桌上。  ―  Bēizǐ zài zhuō shàng.  ―  The cup is on the table.
  2. Classifier for tablefuls of dishes or people: table
    一桌菜  ―  yī zhuō cài  ―  a table of dishes

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 桌子 (“table; desk”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 桌, 几案
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 桌子
Mandarin Beijing 桌子
Taiwan 桌子
Tianjin 桌子
Langfang 桌子
Tangshan 桌子
Cangzhou 桌子
Baoding 桌子
Shijiazhuang 桌子
Daming 桌子
Ulanhot 桌子
Tongliao 桌子
Chifeng 桌子
Bayanhot 桌子
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 桌子
Harbin 桌子
Shenyang 桌子
Yantai (Muping) 桌子
Jinan 桌子
Luoyang 桌子
Wanrong 桌子
Zhengzhou 桌子
Xi'an 桌子
Yinchuan 桌子
Lanzhou 桌子
Xining 桌子, 桌桌
Ürümqi 桌子, 桌
Wuhan 桌子
Huanggang 桌子
Chengdu 桌子
Guiyang 桌子
Kunming 桌子
Guilin 桌子
Liuzhou 桌子, 檯桌
Xuzhou 桌子
Yangzhou 桌子
Nanjing 桌子
Hefei 桌子
Nantong 桌子
Malaysia 桌子, 檯子
Singapore 桌子
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 桌子
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 桌子
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 桌子
Cantonese Guangzhou 檯
Hong Kong 檯
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 檯
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 檯
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 檯
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 檯
Macau 檯
Guangzhou (Panyu) 檯
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 檯
Guangzhou (Conghua) 檯
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 檯
Foshan 檯
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 檯
Foshan (Shunde) 檯
Foshan (Sanshui) 檯
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 檯
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 檯
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 檯
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 檯
Zhuhai (Doumen) 檯
Jiangmen (Baisha) 檯
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 檯
Taishan 檯
Kaiping (Chikan) 檯
Enping (Niujiang) 檯
Heshan (Yayao) 檯
Dongguan 檯頭
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 檯
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 檯
Qingyuan 檯
Fogang 檯
Yingde (Hanguang) 檯
Yangshan 檯
Lianshan (Butian) 檯桌
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 檯桌
Shaoguan 檯
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 檯
Renhua 檯
Lechang 檯
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 檯
Sihui 檯
Guangning 檯
Deqing 櫃檯
Huaiji 檯
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 檯
Yunfu 檯
Xinxing 檯
Luoding 檯
Yunan (Pingtai) 檯
Yangjiang 檯
Xinyi 檯
Maoming (Xinpo) 檯
Lianjiang 檯
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 檯
Nanning 檯
Wuzhou 檯
Yulin 檯
Hepu (Lianzhou) 檯
Hepu (Shatian) 檯
Guiping 檯
Mengshan (Xihe) 檯
Guigang (Nanjiang) 檯
Beiliu (Tangliao) 檯
Baise 檯
Bobai 檯
Lingshan 檯
Pubei 檯
Qinzhou 檯
Beihai 檯
Beihai (Nankang) 檯
Beihai (Yingpan) 檯盤
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 檯
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 檯
Ningming 檯
Hengxian 檯
Hezhou (Pumen) 檯
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 檯
Danzhou 檯
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 檯
Singapore (Guangfu) 檯
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 檯
Móng Cái 檯
Gan Nanchang 桌子
Lichuan 桌仔, 桌子
Pingxiang 桌子
Guixi 盤崽
Hakka Meixian 桌仔, 桌
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 檯
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 檯, 桌
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 桌
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 桌
Dongguan (Qingxi) 檯
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 檯
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 檯, 桌哎
Boluo (Bendihua) 檯哎
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 檯
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 桌
Wuhua (Huacheng) 桌
Heyuan (Bendihua) 桌, 桌咧
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 檯
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 桌哎
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 桌
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 檯
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 桌
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 檯
Wengyuan 檯頭
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 檯
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 檯
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 檯, 桌
Liannan 檯桌
Conghua (Lütian) 檯
Jiexi 桌
Luhe 桌仔
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 桌子
Changting 桌子
Wuping 桌子
Wuping (Yanqian) 桌子
Liancheng 桌子
Ninghua 桌子, 桌
Yudu 檯子, 桌子
Ningdu 桌子
Ruijin 桌子
Shicheng 桌子
Shangyou (Shexi) 檯
Tonggu (Sandu) 桌
Ganzhou (Panlong) 方檯
Dayu 桌哩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 桌仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 桌仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 桌仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 桌
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 桌仔, 桌
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 桌
Hong Kong 桌頭, 檯
Yangxi (Tangkou) 櫃檯
Yangchun (Sanjia) 檯
Xinyi (Sihe) 檯
Xinyi (Qianpai) 檯
Gaozhou (Xindong) 檯
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 檯, 桌
Huazhou (Xin'an) 檯
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 檯
Lianjiang (Qingping) 檯
Hengxian (Xiaoyi) 檯盤
Sabah (Longchuan) 桌
Senai (Huiyang) 桌檯
Senai (Hepo) 檯
Singkawang 桌
Huizhou Jixi 檯盤
Shexian 桌
Tunxi 桌
Xiuning 桌
Yixian 桌
Qimen 桌
Wuyuan 桌
Fuliang 桌仂
Dexing 桌
Shitai (Xianyu) 檯
Jin Taiyuan 桌子
Pingyao 桌子
Xinzhou 桌子
Taibus (Baochang) 桌子
Linhe 桌子
Jining 桌子
Hohhot 桌子
Baotou 桌子
Dongsheng 桌子
Haibowan 桌子
Zhangjiakou 桌子
Handan 桌子
Min Bei Jian'ou 桌
Jian'ou (Dikou) 桌
Songxi 桌
Zhenghe 桌
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 桌
Jianyang 桌
Wuyishan 桌
Pucheng (Shibei) 桌
Min Dong Fuzhou 桌
Changle 桌
Fuqing 桌
Pingtan 桌
Yongtai 桌
Gutian 桌
Fu'an 桌
Ningde 桌
Shouning 桌
Zhouning 桌
Fuding 桌
Matsu 桌
Min Nan Xiamen 桌仔, 桌
Xiamen (Tong'an) 桌仔
Quanzhou 桌仔, 桌
Jinjiang 桌仔
Nan'an 桌
Shishi 桌仔
Hui'an 桌
Anxi 桌
Yongchun 桌
Dehua 桌囝
Zhangzhou 桌仔, 桌
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 桌仔
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 桌
Hua'an 桌仔
Nanjing 桌仔
Pinghe 桌仔
Zhangpu 桌仔
Yunxiao 桌仔
Zhao'an 桌仔
Dongshan 桌仔
Taipei 桌仔
New Taipei (Sanxia) 桌仔
Kaohsiung 桌仔
Yilan 桌仔
Changhua (Lukang) 桌仔
Taichung 桌仔
Tainan 桌仔
Hsinchu 桌仔
Kinmen 桌, 桌仔
Penghu (Magong) 桌
Penang (Hokkien) 桌, 桌頂
Singapore (Hokkien) 桌, 桌仔
Manila (Hokkien) 桌
Medan (Hokkien) 桌頂
Longyan 桌
Zhangping 桌
Zhangping (Yongfu) 桌 big table, 桌仔 small table
Datian 桌床, 桌仔
Pingnan (Shangdu) 檯
Chaozhou 床
Shantou 床
Shantou (Chenghai) 床
Jieyang 床
Haifeng 床, 床頭
Bangkok (Teochew) 床
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 桌, 床
Singapore (Teochew) 床
Leizhou 床
Wenchang 床
Haikou 床
Qionghai 桌
Singapore (Hainanese) 桌
Puxian Min Putian 床
Xianyou 床
Min Zhong Yong'an 桌頭
Sanyuan 桌頭
Shaxian 桌頭
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 檯
Sanxiang 床
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 檯
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 桌子
Shehua Fu'an 桌
Fuding 桌
Luoyuan 桌
Sanming 檯
Shunchang 檯
Hua'an 檯
Guixi (Zhangping) 檯
Cangnan 桌
Jingning 桌
Lishui 桌
Longyou 桌
Chaozhou 檯
Fengshun 檯
Wu Shanghai 檯子
Shanghai (Chongming) 檯子
Suzhou 檯子
Wuxi 檯子
Danyang 檯子
Hangzhou 桌子
Ningbo 桌凳
Wenzhou 桌
Jinhua 檯桌
Jinhua (Tangxi) 桌
Xiang Changsha 桌子
Loudi 桌子, 檯子
Shuangfeng 桌子
Quanzhou 桌子

Compounds

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (桌):
  • → Japanese: 卓(たく) (taku)
  • → Korean: 탁(桌) (tak)

Others:

References

Japanese

Kanji
桌

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings
  • On (unclassified): たく (taku)

Vietnamese

Han character

桌: Hán Nôm readings: trác[1][2][3], trướp

  1. (obsolete) a table

References
  1. Trần (1999).
  2. Bonet (1899).
  3. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
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