刃

See also: 刄 and 刅
刃 U+5203, 刃
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5203
← 刂
[U+5202] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刄 →
[U+5204]

刃 U+2F81E, 刃
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F81E
← 凵
[U+2F81D] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 㓟 →
[U+2F81F]

Translingual
Japanese 刃
Simplified 刃
Traditional 刃

Alternative forms

Note the compositional differences between traditional, simplified, and Japanese shinjitai in the placement of the additional stroke.

Han character
Stroke order

刃 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹戈 (SHI), four-corner 17420, composition ⿹刀丿(G) or ⿹刀丶(HTKV) or ⿻刀丶(J))

Derived characters

References

Chinese
trad. 刃
simp. # 刃

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 刃
Shang Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (刃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涊 *nɯːnʔ, *njɯnʔ
紉 *nɯn
忍 *njɯnʔ
荵 *njɯnʔ
刃 *njɯns
認 *njɯns, *njɯŋs
仞 *njɯns
軔 *njɯns
韌 *njɯns
肕 *njɯns
牣 *njɯns
杒 *njɯns
訒 *njɯns

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 刀 (“knife”) + 丶.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 而振切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵiɪnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵinH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑjenH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵinH/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiĕnH/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭĕnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯ĕnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jan6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rèn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyinH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*nə[n]-s/
English edge of a blade

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 刃
Reading # 1/1
No. 10831
Phonetic
component		 刃
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 刃
Old
Chinese		 /*njɯns/

Definitions

刃

  1. blade; knife edge
  2. sword; knife
  3. † to kill with a sword or knife

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (刃):
  • → Japanese: 刃(じん) (jin)
  • → Korean: 인(刃) (in)

Compounds
  • 芒刃
  • 芙蓉刃
  • 血刃
  • 袖刃
  • 赴火蹈刃
  • 迎刃而解 (yíngrèn'érjiě)
  • 交光飛刃／交光飞刃
  • 兵無血刃／兵无血刃
  • 刃兒／刃儿
  • 劍刃／剑刃

Japanese
Shinjitai 刃
Kyūjitai
[1]
刃󠄁
刃+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
刃󠄃
刃+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji
刃

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Compounds
  • 刃(にん)傷(じょう) (ninjō)

Alternative forms
Kanji in this term
刃
は
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Etymology 1

/pa/ → /ɸa/ → /ha/

From Old Japanese.

Cognate with 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[2][3] Possibly also related to 葉 (ha, “leaf”), but the pitch accents do not match. Compare English blade.

Pronunciation

Noun

刃(は) • (ha) 

  1. any sharp and thin cutting implement: a blade, edge
Derived terms
Derived terms
Idioms
  • 剣(つるぎ)の刃(は)を渡(わた)る (tsurugi no ha o wataru)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
刃
やいば
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/jaki ɸa/ → /jakiba/ → /jaĩba/ → /jaiba/

Shift from 焼き刃 (yakiba), a compound of 焼き (yaki, “burned, fired”) +‎ 刃 (ha, “edge, blade”, see above).[2][3] The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

First attested in the Taiheiki of the late 1300s.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

刃(やいば) • (yaiba) 

  1. a forged blade, such as a sword
  2. the wavy pattern formed in the metal on the surface of a forged blade
  3. a sword or similar edged weapon
  4. something sharp like a sword
  5. someone or something powerful
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 刃(やいば)の験(げん)者(じゃ) (yaiba no genja)
  • 氷(こおり)の刃(やいば) (kōri no yaiba)
  • 心(こころ)の刃(やいば) (kokoro no yaiba)
  • 邪(じゃ)見(けん)の刃(やいば) (jaken no yaiba)
  • 情(なさ)けに刃(は)向(む)かう刃(やいば)なし (nasake ni hamukau yaiba nashi)
Idioms
  • 笑(しょう)中(ちゅう)に刃(やいば)を研(と)ぐ (shōchū ni yaiba o togu)
  • 刃(やいば)に掛(か)かる (yaiba ni kakaru)
  • 刃(やいば)に血(ち)塗(ぬ)らず (yaiba ni chi nurazu)
  • 刃(やいば)に伏(ふ)す (yaiba ni fusu)
Proverbs
  • 刃(やいば)は切(き)れるが重宝(ちょうほう) (yaiba wa kireru ga chōhō, “for a blade, cutting [sharpness] is precious” → the highest value of a tool is its ability to do what it is designed for)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
刃
じん
Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 刃 (MC ȵiɪnH).

Pronunciation

Noun

刃(じん) • (jin) 

  1. a blade, edge
Idioms
  • 刃(じん)に伏(ふ)す (jin ni fusu)
  • 刃(じん)を迎(むか)えて解(と)く (jin o mukaete toku, “to fall before the blade” → a metaphor for extreme strength or power)

Affix

刃(じん) • (jin) 

  1. blade, edge
  2. bladed object (knife, sword, etc.)
  3. kill with a bladed object, put to the sword
Derived terms
Derived terms

References
  1. 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 281 (paper), page 190 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)
  2. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  3. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

刃 (eum 인 (in))

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Old Japanese

Etymology

Cognate with 歯 (pa, “tooth”).[1][2] Possibly also related to 葉 (pa, “leaf”). Compare English blade.

Noun

刃 (pa) (kana は)

  1. any sharp and thin cutting implement: a blade, edge

Descendants
  • Japanese: 刃 (ha, yaiba)

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Further reading

Vietnamese

Han character

刃: Hán Nôm readings: nhẫn, nhấn, nhận

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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