Pakhal Sarkar

Pakhal Sarkar or Kingdom of Swat(1190-1519) was a kingdom of Swati Persians. It was founded by Sultan Pakhal Swati with capital Manglowar in Swat , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan while Pakhli Sarkar(1703-1947) was the rule of Swatis over the Pakhli which includes the areas of whole Mansehra District and Battagram[1] excluding the Amb and Phulra states. In Hazara Gazetteer-1907, Pakhli is referred to as Swati Country whose ruler was called Chief of Swatis or Chief of Pakhli.[2]

Pakhal Sarkar ( Kingdom of Swat)
Persian : پکھل سرکار
1190 A.D(Approx)–1519 A.D
Flag of Kingdom of Swat
Flag
CapitalManglawar
Official languagesDari Persian
Recognised regional languagesPashto
Religion
Islam (State Religion) Kingdom in alliance with Shah Mir Dynasty (1339–1561)
Demonym(s)Swatis
GovernmentMonarchy
Sultan of Swat 
History 
• Established
1190 A.D(Approx)
• Merged into Mughal Empire
1519 A.D
CurrencyGold Dinar
Today part ofPakistan
 · Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

History

Pakhli Sarkar I itself was part of Swati Empire stretching from Jalalabad to Kashmir in which there were other states of Gabari Swatis and Mitravi Swatis including the Shahmir Dynasty over Kashmir and Sultan Mir Haider Gabari rule over the Bajaur .

Sultan Shah Mir Gabri Swati migrated from Swat(Pakhli Sarkar) to Kashmir in 12th century and formed a kingdom there which lasted over the 3 centuries. Sultan Shah Mir died in 1342. He was buried in Andarkot, near Sambal. He was succeeded by Sultan Jamshed as the second sultan of ShahMiri Sultanate.

Sultan Awais Swati was the last king of Pakhli Sarkar I. According to books The Pathans[3] by Olif Caroe and Malika-E-Swat[4] by Khan Roshan Khan Sultan Awais Swati was married to Shahida Bibi - The sister of Malak Ahmed Khan (Yousafzai Tribal Leader) and it was a political marriage to capture Swat. In 1519 Yousafzais and Mughals attacked Swat and overthrown the rule of Gabaris.[3]

Sultan Mir Haider Gabri was the last king of Bajaur whose rule was overthrown was King Babur. 3000 army of Sultan Mir Haider was brutally killed by Babur's army on the charges celebrating pagan customs like Novroz. This day is remembered as Bajaur Massacre

Swatis tribes including Gabaris, Mumyalis and Mitravis under the leadership of Syed Jalal Baba conquered Hazara by defeating Karlugh Turks Kingdom whose capital was Guli Bagh and established their rule again there.[5]

Today Pakhli forms a large area of Mansehra District where Swatis are the biggest landlords.[3]

Sultans

Sultans of the Gabari Empire included:[1]

Pakhli Sarkar :

Kingdom of Bajaur :

  • Sultan Mir Haider Gabri
  • Sultan Mir Khizar Gabri

Kingdom of Kashmir : ( Shah Mir Dynasty )

References
  1. Abu-'Umar-i-'Usman (1999). Tabakat-I-Nasiri: A General History of the Muhammadan Dynasties of Asia, Including Hindustan, from A.H. 194 (810 A.D.) to A.H. 658 (1260 A.D.) and the Irruption of the Infidel Mughals Into Islam, Translated from Original Persian Manuscripts by Major H. Adegi Graphics LLC. ISBN 978-1-4021-7110-9.
  2. Hazara Gazetteer- 1883. Punjab Government, British India. 1984. pp. 68–75.
  3. "The Pathans". oup.com.pk. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
  4. Tahir, Abu (2021-10-26). "Malika e Sawat By Khan Roshan Khan Pdf". Library Pk. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
  5. "The lost Tajiks of Pakistan".
  6. Sewell, Robert. "Analytical History of India".


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