1316
Year 1316 (MCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1316 by topic |
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| Leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1316 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1316 MCCCXVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2069 |
| Armenian calendar | 765 ԹՎ ՉԿԵ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6066 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1237–1238 |
| Bengali calendar | 723 |
| Berber calendar | 2266 |
| English Regnal year | 9 Edw. 2 – 10 Edw. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1860 |
| Burmese calendar | 678 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6824–6825 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙卯年 (Wood Rabbit) 4012 or 3952 — to — 丙辰年 (Fire Dragon) 4013 or 3953 |
| Coptic calendar | 1032–1033 |
| Discordian calendar | 2482 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1308–1309 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5076–5077 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1372–1373 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1237–1238 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4416–4417 |
| Holocene calendar | 11316 |
| Igbo calendar | 316–317 |
| Iranian calendar | 694–695 |
| Islamic calendar | 715–716 |
| Japanese calendar | Shōwa 5 (正和５年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1227–1228 |
| Julian calendar | 1316 MCCCXVI |
| Korean calendar | 3649 |
| Minguo calendar | 596 before ROC 民前596年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −152 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1858–1859 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴木兔年 (female Wood-Rabbit) 1442 or 1061 or 289 — to — 阳火龙年 (male Fire-Dragon) 1443 or 1062 or 290 |
Pope John XXII (1244–1334)
Events
Europe
- February 22 – Battle of Picotin: Catalan forces led by Prince Ferdinand of Majorca, claimant to the Principality of Achaea, defeat the army of Princess Matilda of Hainaut, on the Peloponnese. During the battle, the Catalans kill 500 Burgundians and 700 native troops. The remnants of the Princess's army withdraw in haste, pursued by the Catalan cavalry; before they turn back to loot the abandoned Achaean camp.[1]
- June 5 – King Louis X (the Quarrelsome) dies (possibly poisoning) during a game of tennis at Vincennes, leaving his pregnant wife Clementia of Hungary as his widow. Following Louis' death, his 23-year-old brother Philip is made regent for the remainder of Clementia's pregnancy. There are several potential candidates for the role of regent, his uncle Charles of Valois and Odo IV (or Eudes), duke of Burgundy.[2][3]
- July 5 – Battle of Manolada: Latin forces under Louis of Burgundy supported by Byzantine troops sent by governor Michael Kantakouzenos defeat the Catalan army under Ferdinand of Majorca. During the battle, Ferdinand is killed and John II of Nivelet, who claims the Principality of Achaea is executed on the field as a traitor. His lands are given to Louis' Burgundian followers.[4]
- August – Battle of Gransee: A North German-Danish alliance, led by Henry II (the Lion), decisively defeats the forces under Waldemar the Great at Schulzendorf. During the battle, Waldemar escapes the battlefield, but his army – which consists largely of knights in armour is massacred. Later, the victorious alliance negotiates a peace treaty at Zehdenick.
England
- Spring – Llywelyn Bren leads a revolt against English rule in Wales. Following an order to appear before King Edward II, Llywelyn Bren raises a rebel army and lays siege to Caerphilly Castle. The revolt spreads throughout the south Wales valleys (or Wear Cove), and other castles are attacked. Edward sends an expeditionary force led by Humphrey de Bohun to suppress the rebellion. In March, after a battle at Morgraig Castle Llywelyn Bren is forced to break off the Caerphilly siege after six weeks. He retreats to Glamorgan, and finally surrenders to Humphrey at Ystradfellte on March 18.[5]
- February – Battle of Skaithmuir: Scottish forces under James Douglas (the Black) defeat an English raiding party near Coldstream. During the skirmish, Edmond de Caillou (nephew of Piers Gaveston) is killed.[6]
- May 2 – In an attempt to stir the Irish nobles into rebellion against English rule, Edward Bruce, brother of King Robert I (the Bruce), is crowned High King of Ireland.[7]
- August 10 – Second Battle of Athenry: Norman rule is retained during the Bruce campaign in Ireland, at the cost of over 5,000 dead.
- The Pound sterling experiences the greatest year of inflation in its history, at 100.04 percent, losing over half its value.[8]
Asia
- January 4 – Sultan Alauddin Khalji of the Delhi Sultanate dies after a 19-year reign at Delhi. He is succeeded by his 5-year-old son, Shihabuddin Omar, with the support of Alauddin's general Malik Kafur. During his reign, a power struggle occurres between Malik Kafur and the Khalji family.[9]
- February – Malik Kafur is assassinated by Alauddin's former bodyguards. The 17-year-old Qutb al-Din Mubarak, son of Alauddin Khalji, succeeds him and ascends the throne as ruler of the Delhi Sultanate on April 14.[10]
Births
- March 2 – Robert II, king of Scotland (House of Stuart) (d. 1390)
- April 11 – Édouard I, French nobleman, knight and marshal (d. 1351)
- May 14 – Charles IV (Wenceslaus), Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1378)
- August 15 – John of Eltham, English nobleman and prince (d. 1336)[11]
- November 7 – Simeon of Moscow, Russian Grand Prince (d. 1353)
- November 15 – John I (the Posthumous), king of France (d. 1316)
- date unknown
- An-Nasir Ahmad, Mamluk ruler (House of Bahri) (d. 1344)
- Choe Yeong, Korean nobleman and general (d. 1388)
- Fa Ngum, Tai nobleman and ruler of Lan Xang (d. 1393)
- Henry II, Polish nobleman, knight and co-ruler (d. 1345)
- Ibn Arafa, Tunisian scholar, imam and theologian (d. 1401)
- John Beauchamp, English nobleman and admiral (d. 1360)[12]
- Magnus IV (or VII), king of Sweden (House of Bjelbo) (d. 1374)
- Nicholas Eymerich, Spanish inquisitor and theologian (d. 1399)
- Niphon of Kafsokalyvia, Greek monk, mystic and writer (d. 1411)
- Otho Holand, English nobleman, knight and governor (d. 1359)
- Renaud de Carteret, French nobleman and rebel leader (d. 1382)
- Robert de Herle, English nobleman, knight and admiral (d. 1364)
- Simon Sudbury, English cleric, bishop and archbishop (d. 1381)
Deaths
- January 4 – Alauddin Khalji, Indian governor and ruler (b. 1266)
- February 18 – Nicholas II of Werle, German nobleman (b. 1274)
- March 2 – Marjorie Bruce, Scottish noblewoman and princess
- March 12 – Stefan Dragutin, king of Serbia (House of Nemanjić)
- March 13 – John Devereux, Anglo-Norman nobleman (b. 1250)
- May 4 – Reginald of Bar, French archdeacon, bishop and writer
- May 5 – Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, English noblewoman (b. 1282)
- June 5 – Louis X (the Quarrelsome), king of France (b. 1289)
- June 29 – Henry Woodlock, English prior and bishop (b. 1250)
- July 5 – (Battle of Manolada)
- Ferdinand of Majorca, Spanish nobleman and prince
- John II of Nivelet, Latin nobleman, knight and prince
- July 10 – Leszek of Dobrzyń, Polish nobleman and prince
- July 18 – Yasokjin, Mongol noblewoman and queen consort
- July 27 – Theobald de Verdun, English nobleman (b. 1278)
- August 2 – Louis of Burgundy, French nobleman and prince
- August 17 – Albert I, German nobleman (House of Ascania)
- August 30 – Giovanni Pipino I, Italian nobleman and knight
- September 10 – John FitzGerald, Anglo-Norman nobleman
- November 20 – John I (the Posthumous), king of France
- November 26 – Robert Wishart, Scottish bishop (b. 1240)
- December 16 – Öljaitü, Mongol viceroy and ruler (b. 1282)
- December 17 – Juan Fernández, Spanish bishop-elect[13]
- December 18 – Gilbert Segrave, English bishop (b. 1266)[14]
- December 22 – Giles of Rome, Italian theologian (b. 1243)
- date unknown
- Berenguer Estañol, Latin nobleman and vicar general
- Edmond de Caillou, French nobleman and favourite[15]
- Geoffroy d'Ablis, French Dominican priest and inquisitor
- Guillaume Guiart (or Guiard), French chronicler and poet
- Guo Shoujing, Chinese astronomer and engineer (b. 1231)
- John of Argyll (the Lame), Scottish nobleman and admiral
- Malik Kafur, Indian general, governor and viceroy (na'ib)[16]
- Matilda of Brandenburg, German noblewoman and regent
- Michael Kantakouzenos, Byzantine general and governor
- Najm al-Din al-Tufi, Arab scholar and theologian (b. 1276)
- Sang Sapurba, Indonesian nobleman and ruler (b. 1245)[17]
- Shihab-ud-din Omar, Indian ruler of the Delhi Sultanate[18]
- Simon Montagu, English nobleman and admiral (b. 1259)
- Ulrich of Sanneck, German nobleman and knight (b. 1255)
- Vytenis, Lithuanian nobleman and Grand Prince (b. 1260)
- William Ros, Scottish nobleman and claimant (b. 1255)[19]
References
- Topping, Peter (1975). "The Morea, 1311–1364". In Setton, Kenneth M.; Hazard, Harry W. (eds.). A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries, p. 112. Madison and London: University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0-299-06670-3.
- Rose, Hugh James (1857). A New General Biographical Dictionary, p. 89. Volume 11. London: Fellows.
- Gillmeister, Heiner (1998). Tennis: A Cultural History, pp. 17–21. London: Leicester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7185-0147-1.
- Housley, Norman (1992). The Later Crusades, 1274–1580: From Lyons to Alcazar, p. 165. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-822136-4.
- Davies, R. R. (2000). The Age of Conquest: Wales, 1063–1415, p. 436. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-19-820198-2.
- David Hume (1996). The History of the House of Douglas, p. 488.
- Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 156. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- Measuring worth.com
- Kishori Saran Lal (1950). History of the Khalijis (1290–1320), pp. 56–57. Allahabad: The Indian Press. OCLC 685167335.
- Peter Jackson (2003). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History, p. 177. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.
- Weir, Alison (1995). Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy Revised edition, p. 92. Random House. ISBN 0-7126-7448-9.
- Mangone, Gerard J. (1997). United States Admiralty Law, p. 9. Leiden, Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ISBN 9041104178.
- Pablo Ordás Díaz (2018), "El episcopado de don García Miguel de Ayerbe y el conflictivo período de las tutorías de Alfonso XI para la catedral de León (1318–1332)", En la España Medieval, 41: 257–275, at 258, doi:10.5209/ELEM.60011.
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology, p. 258. (Third revised ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
- Fraser, Sir William, The Douglas Book IV Vols. Edinburgh 1885.
- Iqtidar Alam Khan (2008). Historical Dictionary of Medieval India, p. 84. Scarecrow. ISBN 9780810864016.
- Ahmad, A. Samad (1979). Sulalatus Salatin (Sejarah Melayu), p. 28. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. ISBN 983-62-5601-6.
- Kishori Saran Lal (1950). History of the Khaljiis (1290–1320), pp.56–57. Allahabad: The Indian Press. OCLC 685167335.
- Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, pp. 448–51. Vol. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.
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