skaka

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse skaka (“to shake”), from Proto-Germanic *skakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek- (“to shake, stir”). Compare Norwegian skake, Swedish skaka, Danish skage, Low German schaken, English shake.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈskaːka/
    Rhymes: -aːka

Verb

skaka (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative skók, third-person plural past indicative skóku, supine skekið)

  1. (transitive, with accusative) to shake

Conjugation
skaka — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að skaka
supine
(sagnbót)		 skekið
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 skakandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég skek við skökum present
(nútíð)		 ég skaki við skökum
þú skekur þið skakið þú skakir þið skakið
hann, hún, það skekur þeir, þær, þau skaka hann, hún, það skaki þeir, þær, þau skaki
past
(þátíð)		 ég skók við skókum past
(þátíð)		 ég skæki við skækjum
þú skókst þið skókuð þú skækir þið skækjuð
hann, hún, það skók þeir, þær, þau skóku hann, hún, það skæki þeir, þær, þau skækju
imperative
(boðháttur)		 skak (þú) skakið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
skaktu skakiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
skakast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur)		 að skakast
supine
(sagnbót)		 skekist
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		 skakandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur)		 subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð)		 ég skekst við skökumst present
(nútíð)		 ég skakist við skökumst
þú skekst þið skakist þú skakist þið skakist
hann, hún, það skekst þeir, þær, þau skakast hann, hún, það skakist þeir, þær, þau skakist
past
(þátíð)		 ég skókst við skókumst past
(þátíð)		 ég skækist við skækjumst
þú skókst þið skókust þú skækist þið skækjust
hann, hún, það skókst þeir, þær, þau skókust hann, hún, það skækist þeir, þær, þau skækjust
imperative
(boðháttur)		 skakst (þú) skakist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
skakstu skakisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
skekinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging)		 singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 skekinn skekin skekið skeknir skeknar skekin
accusative
(þolfall)		 skekinn skekna skekið skekna skeknar skekin
dative
(þágufall)		 skeknum skekinni skeknu skeknum skeknum skeknum
genitive
(eignarfall)		 skekins skekinnar skekins skekinna skekinna skekinna
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)		 masculine
(karlkyn)		 feminine
(kvenkyn)		 neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall)		 skekni skekna skekna skeknu skeknu skeknu
accusative
(þolfall)		 skekna skeknu skekna skeknu skeknu skeknu
dative
(þágufall)		 skekna skeknu skekna skeknu skeknu skeknu
genitive
(eignarfall)		 skekna skeknu skekna skeknu skeknu skeknu

Synonyms

Derived terms
  • skaka strokk ("to churn")

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms
  • skake

Etymology

From Old Norse skaka. Akin to English shake.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /²skɑːkɑ/

Verb

skaka (present tense skakar or skjek, past tense skaka or skok, past participle skaka or skjeke, present participle skakande, imperative skak)

  1. to shake
    • 1861, Aasmund Olavsson Vinje, "Ferdaminni fraa Sumaren 1860":
      […] og so naar Krøningi var fullførd baadi til Kongen og Dronningi høyra Kanonurne skaka Kyrkja […] .
      […] and then, when the coronation of both the King and Queen was finished, to hear the cannon shake the church […]
  2. to frighten, upset

References

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skakaną.

Verb

skaka (singular past indicative skók, plural past indicative skóku, past participle skekit)

  1. to shake

Conjugation
Conjugation of skaka — active (strong class 6)
infinitive skaka
present participle skakandi
past participle skekinn
indicative present past
1st-person singular skek skók
2nd-person singular skekr skókt
3rd-person singular skekr skók
1st-person plural skǫkum skókum
2nd-person plural skakið skókuð
3rd-person plural skaka skóku
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular skaka skœka
2nd-person singular skakir skœkir
3rd-person singular skaki skœki
1st-person plural skakim skœkim
2nd-person plural skakið skœkið
3rd-person plural skaki skœki
imperative present
2nd-person singular skak
1st-person plural skǫkum
2nd-person plural skakið
Conjugation of skaka — mediopassive (strong class 6)
infinitive skakask
present participle skakandisk
past participle skekizk
indicative present past
1st-person singular skǫkumk skókumk
2nd-person singular skeksk skókzk
3rd-person singular skeksk skóksk
1st-person plural skǫkumsk skókumsk
2nd-person plural skakizk skókuzk
3rd-person plural skakask skókusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular skǫkumk skœkumk
2nd-person singular skakisk skœkisk
3rd-person singular skakisk skœkisk
1st-person plural skakimsk skœkimsk
2nd-person plural skakizk skœkizk
3rd-person plural skakisk skœkisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular skaksk
1st-person plural skǫkumsk
2nd-person plural skakizk

Descendants
  • Icelandic: skaka
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: skaka, skake
  • Norwegian Bokmål: skake
  • Danish: skage
  • Old Swedish: skaka

References
  • skaka in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse skaka, from Proto-Germanic *skakaną.

Verb

skaka

  1. to shake
  2. to swing

Conjugation
Conjugation of skaka (weak)
present past
infinitive skaka —
participle skakandi, -e skakaþer
active voice indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
iæk skakar skaki, -e — skakaþi, -e skakaþi, -e
þū skakar skaki, -e skaka skakaþi, -e skakaþi, -e
han skakar skaki, -e — skakaþi, -e skakaþi, -e
vīr skakum, -om skakum, -om skakum, -om skakaþum, -om skakaþum, -om
īr skakin skakin skakin skakaþin skakaþin
þēr skaka skakin — skakaþu, -o skakaþin
mediopassive voice indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
iæk skakas skakis, -es — skakaþis, -es skakaþis, -es
þū skakas skakis, -es — skakaþis, -es skakaþis, -es
han skakas skakis, -es — skakaþis, -es skakaþis, -es
vīr skakums, -oms skakums, -oms — skakaþums, -oms skakaþums, -oms
īr skakins skakins — skakaþins skakaþins
þēr skakas skakins — skakaþus, -os skakaþins

Descendants


Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish skaka, from Old Norse skaka (“to shake”), from Proto-Germanic *skakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek- (“to shake, stir”). Cognate with Norwegian skake, Danish skage, Icelandic skaka, Low German schaken and English shake.

Pronunciation
  • Audio(file)

Verb

skaka (present skakar, preterite skakade, supine skakat, imperative skaka)

  1. (transitive) to shake (physically or to disturb emotionally)
  2. (intransitive) to shake, to tremble

Conjugation
Conjugation of skaka (weak)
Active Passive
Infinitive skaka skakas
Present tense skakar skakas
Past tense skakade skakades
Supine skakat skakats
Imperative skaka —
Present participle skakande
Past participle skakad
  • handskaka
  • omskaka
  • skakare
  • skakning
  • skaka hand
  • skaka om / omskaka
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