senior
English
Alternative forms
- seniour (obsolete)
Etymology
From Middle English senior, from Latin senior (“older”), comparative form of senex (“old”); see senate. Doublet of seigneur, seignior, sire, sir, and señor.
Pronunciation
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈsinjɚ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈsiːnjə(r)/
Audio (US) (file) - Hyphenation: se‧nior
Adjective
senior (comparative more senior, superlative most senior)
- Older; superior
- senior citizen
- Higher in rank, dignity, or office.
- senior member; senior counsel
- (US) Of or pertaining to a student's final academic year at a high school (twelfth grade) or university.
Synonyms
- (older): geriatric, long in the tooth, on in years; see also Thesaurus:elderly
Antonyms
Translations
older
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higher in rank
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Noun
senior (plural seniors)
- (now chiefly US) An old person.
- Synonyms: senior citizen; see also Thesaurus:old person
- 1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, “‘Question!’”, in The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, OCLC 1029993343, page 77:
- Grave and reverend seniors seemed to have caught the prevailing spirit as badly as the students, and I saw white-bearded men rising and shaking their fists at the obdurate Professor.
- Someone older than someone else (with possessive). [from 15th c.]
- He was four years her senior.
- Someone seen as deserving respect or reverence because of their age. [from 14th c.]
- (obsolete, biblical) An elder or presbyter in the early Church. [14th–16th c.]
- 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], OCLC 762018299, Acts :[8], folio clviij, recto:
- Then Peter full of the holy gooſt ſayd vnto them. Ye ruelars of the people / and ſeniours of iſrahel […].
-
- Somebody who is higher in rank, dignity, or office.
- (US, Philippines) A final-year student at a high school or university. [from 17th c.]
Antonyms
Derived terms
Translations
an old person — see senior citizen
someone older than someone else
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Further reading
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /se.njɔʁ/
Audio (file)
Further reading
- “senior”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutch senior, from Latin senior (“older”), comparative form of senex (“old”). Doublet of senyur and sinyo.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [sɛˈniɔr]
- Hyphenation: sè‧ni‧or
Synonyms
- (in rank) kanan (Standard Malay)
Derived terms
- kesenioran
- senior inspektur polisi
- senior superintenden
Related terms
- senioritas
Further reading
- “senior” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Interlingua
Latin
Etymology
Comparative of senex.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈse.ni.or/, [ˈs̠ɛniɔr]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈse.ni.or/, [ˈsɛːnior]
Adjective
senior (neuter senius); third declension
Declension
Third-declension comparative adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
Nominative | senior | senius | seniōrēs | seniōra | |
Genitive | seniōris | seniōrum | |||
Dative | seniōrī | seniōribus | |||
Accusative | seniōrem | senius | seniōrēs | seniōra | |
Ablative | seniōre | seniōribus | |||
Vocative | senior | senius | seniōrēs | seniōra |
Noun
senior m (genitive seniōris); third declension
- (Medieval Latin) a lord, sir
- Coordinate term: seniorissa
- (Medieval Latin) an abbot
- (Medieval Latin) a husband
- old person, old man, older person, older man
Declension
Third-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | senior | seniōrēs |
Genitive | seniōris | seniōrum |
Dative | seniōrī | seniōribus |
Accusative | seniōrem | seniōrēs |
Ablative | seniōre | seniōribus |
Vocative | senior | seniōrēs |
Descendants
- Aragonese: sinyor
- Dalmatian: sinaur, sinar
- → English: senior
- → French: senior
- Friulian: signôr, siôr
- Italian: signore
- Old French: seignor
- Old French: sire
- Old French: sendra
- Old Occitan: senhor, segnor
- Old Portuguese: sennor
- → Polish: senior
- → Portuguese: sénior, sênior
- Romagnol: signôr, sgnôr, Signôr
- → Romanian: senior
- Romansch: signur
- Sardinian: sannori, segnore, segnori, sennore
- Spanish: señor, seor
- → Spanish: senior
- Venetian: sior
References
- “senior”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “senior”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- senior in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- senior in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- senior in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsɛ.ɲɔr/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛɲɔr
- Syllabification: se‧nior
Declension
Derived terms
adjectives
- senioracki
- senioralny
noun
- seniorstwo
Romanian
Adjective
senior m or n (feminine singular senioră, masculine plural seniori, feminine and neuter plural seniore)
Declension
Declension of senior
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /seˈnjoɾ/ [seˈnjoɾ]
- Rhymes: -oɾ
- Syllabification: se‧nior
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