mid
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɪd/
- Rhymes: -ɪd
Audio (UK) (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle English mid, midde, from Old English midd (“mid, middle, midway”), from Proto-West Germanic *midi, from Proto-Germanic *midjaz (“mid, middle”, adjective), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between, in the middle, middle”). Cognate with Dutch midden (“in the middle”), German Mitte (“center, middle, mean”), Icelandic miður (“middle”, adjective), Latin medius (“middle”, noun and adjective). See also middle.
Adjective
mid (not comparable)
- Denoting the middle part.
- mid ocean
- Occupying a middle position; middle.
- mid finger
- mid hour of night
- (linguistics) Made with a somewhat elevated position of some certain part of the tongue, in relation to the palate; midway between the high and the low; said of certain vowel sounds, such as, [e o ɛ ɔ].
- (African-American Vernacular, slang) Of marijuana, midgrade.
- (African-American Vernacular, slang) Of mediocre quality.
- 2021 July 26, Reanna Cruz, “Lil Nas X, 'INDUSTRY BABY'”, in NPR:
- The song is one of his best, but its real power comes from the accompanying, highly-stylized video wherein Lil Nas X breaks out of a prison populated with Black gay men (and, for an unspecified reason, Jack Harlow in an unseemly role as the Straight White Savior who delivers a verse that is mid at best and inappropriate at worst).
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Derived terms
See also those listed at Category:English terms prefixed with mid-.
Translations
Etymology 2
From Middle English mid, midde, from Old English midd (“midst, middle”, noun), from Proto-Germanic *midją, *midjǭ, *midjô (“middle, center”) < *midjaz, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos (“between, in the middle, middle”). Cognate with German Mitte (“center, middle, midst”), Danish midje (“middle”), Icelandic midja (“middle”). See also median, Latin mediānus.
Noun
mid (plural mids)
- (archaic) middle
- c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act V, scene iii]:
- About the mid of night come to my tent.
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Etymology 3
Clipping of mid-range.
Etymology 4
From or representing German mit, and/or perhaps German Low German mid. Although Middle English had a native preposition mid with this same meaning ("with"), it had fallen out of use by the end of the 1300s[1] and survived into the modern English period only in the compounds mididone, midwife, and theremid.
Preposition
mid
- (in representations of German-accented English) With.
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:mid.
References
- mid in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
- Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
German Low German
Etymology
From Middle Low German mit, mid, from Old Saxon mid. Cognate with North Frisian mits (“with”), Dutch met (“with”), German mit (“with”). For more, see Middle English mid.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɪt/
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈmid]
- Hyphenation: mid
Declension
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | mid | — |
accusative | midet | — |
dative | midnek | — |
instrumental | middel | — |
causal-final | midért | — |
translative | middé | — |
terminative | midig | — |
essive-formal | midként | — |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | midben | — |
superessive | miden | — |
adessive | midnél | — |
illative | midbe | — |
sublative | midre | — |
allative | midhez | — |
elative | midből | — |
delative | midről | — |
ablative | midtől | — |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
midé | — |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
midéi | — |
Middle English
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old English mid (“with, in conjunction with, in company with, together with, into the presence of, through, by means of, by, among, in, at (time), in the sight of, opinion of”, preposition), from Proto-West Germanic *midi (“with”).
Cognate with North Frisian mits (“with”), Dutch met (“with”), Low German mit (“with”), German mit (“with”), Danish med (“with”), Icelandic með (“with”), Ancient Greek μετά (metá, “among, between, with”), Albanian me (“with, together”), Sanskrit स्मत् (smat, “together, at the same time”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mid/
References
- “mid (adj. & pref.)” in the Middle English Dictionary (1954–2001)
Etymology 2
Inherited from Old English midd.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mid/
Adjective
mid
- mid-, middle, central, intermediate
- that is or are in the middle or intermediate in time
Descendants
- English: mid
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse miðr, from Proto-Germanic *midjaz (“middle, mid”), from Proto-Indo-European *medʰyo- (“middle”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mɪː/
Derived terms
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *midi. Compare Old Saxon mid, Old High German mit, Old Norse með.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mid/
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *medu, from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu.[1]
Noun
mid n (genitive meda)
- mead
- c. 815–840, published in "The Monastery of Tallaght", in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (1911-1912, Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Edward J. Gwynn and Walter J. Purton, vol. 29, pp. 115–179, paragraph 40,
- mesce tre ol corma(e) nó chingiti meda(e)
- tipsiness through drinking beer or a goblet of mead
- c. 815–840, published in "The Monastery of Tallaght", in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (1911-1912, Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Edward J. Gwynn and Walter J. Purton, vol. 29, pp. 115–179, paragraph 40,
Inflection
Neuter u-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | midN | — | — |
Vocative | midN | — | — |
Accusative | midN | — | — |
Genitive | medoH, medaH | — | — |
Dative | midL | — | — |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
mid also mmid after a proclitic |
mid pronounced with /ṽ(ʲ)-/ |
unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*medu”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 261
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 mid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *midi.
Somali
Etymology
From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Burji micca and Hadiyya mato.
References
- Somali Wörterbuch by M. A. Farah - D. Heck (Buske Verlag, Hamburg 1993)