ksj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb

 3ae inf.

  1. (intransitive) to bow down (+ n or ḥr: before (someone))
  2. (intransitive) to bend down (in order to pick something up)
  3. (transitive) to bend (something)

Inflection
Conjugation of ksj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ks, geminated stem: kss
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
kst, ksj
 ksw, ks
 kst, kswt, ksyt
 ks
 ks, ksy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ks8, kss8
 ḥr kst, ḥr ksj
 m kst, m ksj
 r kst, r ksj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect ks.n
 ksw, ks, ksy
 consecutive ks.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative kst, ksyt
perfective3 ks
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative ks.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective ks, ksy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 ksw, ks, ksy
 ksw, ks, ksy
 potentialis ks.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive ks, ksy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect ks.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective ksw1, ksy, ks
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 ks
 ksy, ks
imperfective kss, kssy, kssw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 kss, kssj6, kssy6
 kss, kssw5
prospective ksw1, ksy, ks, kstj7
 — kswtj1 4, kstj4, kst4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ksj  
ksj
[since the Middle Kingdom]

Derived terms

References
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 139.7–139.18
  • Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 287
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