heteronym

Coined around 1900, either from hetero- (“different”) +‎ -onym (“name”) or from Ancient Greek ἑτερώνυμος (heterṓnumos), or perhaps both.

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈhɛt.əɹ.ə(ʊ).nɪm/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈhɛt.ə.ɹoʊ.nɪm/, /ˈhɛt.ə.ɹə.nɪm/

• Audio (US)

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heteronym (plural heteronyms)

1. (linguistics) A word having the same spelling as another, but a different pronunciation and meaning.

   Agape, "astonished" or "wide open," is a heteronym of agape, "Christian love."

2. (literature) A fictitious character created by an author for the purpose of writing in a different style.

• (linguistics): heterophone, homograph

• List of English heteronyms defined in Wiktionary
• polyphone (a letter [or combination of letters] that can be pronounced in two or more different ways, such as 長 / 长 in Chinese, pronounced [cháng] in the sense of ’long’ and [zhǎng] in the sense of ’to grow’)

An Euler diagram showing the relationship between these -nyms.